ReviewClinical psychology & psychotherapy2021
Virtual reality in the treatment of eating disorders.
Review in Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06332963 (Interoceptive Mechanisms of Body Image Disturbance in Anorexia Nervosa), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Interoceptive Mechanisms of Body Image Disturbance in Anorexia Nervosa
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Role of Serious Video Games in the Treatment of Disordered Eating Behaviors: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- Anorexia Nervosa, Body Image Perception and Virtual Reality Therapeutic Applications: State of the Art and Operational Proposal.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Virtual food exposure with positive mood induction or social support to reduce food anxiety in anorexia nervosa: A feasibility study.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Trial
- A Novel Transdiagnostic Approach to the Prevention of Eating Disorders Using Virtual Reality: Preliminary Evaluation of the H.O.M.E. Intervention.Clinical psychology & psychotherapyTrial
- Examining Facets of Body Image Disturbance Across Anorexia Nervosa Illness and Recovery Stages.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence, Wearable Technologies, and Virtual Reality in Precision Nutrition and Obesity Management: A Critical Narrative Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Combined Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Virtual Reality in Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review of Evidence, Limitations, and Methodological Challenges.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reshaping restriction: virtual embodiment modulates eating biases in anorexia nervosa.Npj mental health research · 2026Article
- Virtual reality interventions in obesity and eating disorders: a systematic review of biomarker, clinical, and behavioral outcomes.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Virtual reality in psychological interventions for mood disorders: a scoping review.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exploring Virtual Reality for Body Image Assessment and Psychological Interventions in Individuals With Obesity: a Comprehensive Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Approved and Pipeline Pharmacological Interventions for Eating Disorders (2010-2025): 15 Years of Progress (or Lack Thereof).CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Anticipation and prevention of real risks of virtual environments in psychiatry.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Review
- Avatars in Mental Health: Psychotherapists' Attitudes Towards Avatar Technology and Factors Influencing Adoption.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Article
- Virtual Reality: Challenges and Perspectives in Mental Health.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Review
- Visual Attention Patterns Toward Female Bodies in Anorexia Nervosa-An Eye-Tracking Study with Adolescents and Adults.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Panic Disorder in the Last Decade: A Systematic Review.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH · 2025Review
- Article
- Current limitations in technology-based cognitive assessment for severe mental illnesses: a focus on feasibility, reliability, and ecological validity.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Over the last 25 years, virtual reality (VR) has offered innovative solutions for targeting different key symptoms of eating disorders: from craving to negative emotions, from attentional biases to body dissatisfaction. The present narrative review assesses the existing literature in these areas trying to identify their different levels of clinical evidence. Specifically, the review presents four clinical approaches based upon VR and their implications in the treatment of eating disorders: VR cue exposure, VR reference frame shifting, VR for correcting body distortions and attentional biases. In general, existing findings demonstrate the clinical value of VR. On one side, the present review suggests that two VR-based techniques-VR exposure and reference frame shifting-have a significant research support and provide a possible advantage over traditional cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. On the other side, two emerging VR applications-multisensory body illusions and the use of VR for the modification of attentional biases-even if supported by preliminary data still need further research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.