ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2021
Risk factors associated with exposure to Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in animal workers and cattle, and molecular detection in ticks, South Africa.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tick Diversity, Emerging Tick-Borne Pathogens, and Public Health Implications Across Africa: A Systematic Review.Acta parasitologica · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of cattle on vector-borne disease risk to humans: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic Review on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Enzootic Cycle and Factors Favoring Virus Transmission: Special Focus on France, an Apparently Free-Disease Area in Europe.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Pooled it
- Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Africa: Epidemiological Trends, Transmission Ecology, Hotspot Heterogeneity, and Preparedness Challenges-A Narrative Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infection in Humans and Domestic Ruminants, Democratic Republic of the Congo.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Serosurvey of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in dromedary camels (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Sero-epidemiology of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in mixed crop-livestock farming households in Burkina Faso: a one health study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Longitudinal seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Southern Uganda.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Zoonotic arbovirus infections in cattle in Mozambique with special reference to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and rift valley fever virus (RVFV).Virology journal · 2025Article
- Factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mixed crop-livestock farmers on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and other zoonoses in Burkina Faso.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Serosurveillance of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus antibodies in livestock as a reservoir for human infection in Afghanistan.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Spatial analysis and risk mapping of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Sub-saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Kyzylorda region, Kazakhstan, March-July 2022.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Exposure patterns and the risk factors of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus amongst humans, livestock and selected wild animals at the human/livestock/wildlife interface in Isiolo County, upper eastern Kenya.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever outbreak in Northern Senegal in 2022: Prevalence of the virus in livestock and ticks, associated risk factors and epidemiological implications.Zoonoses and public health · 2024Article
- Purification and characterization of soluble recombinant Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein Gc expressed in mammalian 293F cells.BMC biotechnology · 2024Article
- Looking Beyond the Lens of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Africa.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Serological Evidence of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever in Livestock in the Omaheke Region of Namibia.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ticks, domestic, and wild animals.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe tick-borne viral zoonosis endemic to parts of Africa, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia. Human cases are reported annually in South Africa, with a 25% case fatality rate since the first case was recognized in 1981. We investigated CCHF virus (CCHFV) seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection in cattle and humans, and the presence of CCHFV in Hyalomma spp. ticks in central South Africa in 2017-18. CCHFV IgG seroprevalence was 74.2% (95%CI: 64.2-82.1%) in 700 cattle and 3.9% (95%CI: 2.6-5.8%) in 541 farm and wildlife workers. No veterinary personnel (117) or abattoir workers (382) were seropositive. The prevalence of CCHFV RNA was significantly higher in Hyalomma truncatum (1.6%) than in H. rufipes (0.2%) (P = 0.002). Seroprevalence in cattle increased with age and was greater in animals on which ticks were found. Seroprevalence in cattle also showed significant geographic variation. Seroprevalence in humans increased with age and was greater in workers who handled livestock for injection and collection of samples. Our findings support previous evidence of widespread high CCHFV seroprevalence in cattle and show significant occupational exposure amongst farm and wildlife workers. Our seroprevalence estimate suggests that CCHFV infections are five times more frequent than the 215 confirmed CCHF cases diagnosed in South Africa in the last four decades (1981-2019). With many cases undiagnosed, the potential seriousness of CCHF in people, and the lack of an effective vaccine or treatment, there is a need to improve public health awareness, prevention and disease control.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.