Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34048359›Full record

ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2021

A Mixed-Methods Study of Factors Influencing Access to and Use of Micronutrient Powders in Rwanda.

Theogene Dusingizimana, Janet L Weber, Thiagarajah Ramilan, Per Ole Iversen, Louise Brough

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Global health, science and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Iron supplementation in children to prevent deficiency and anaemia: A qualitative synthesis.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Micronutrient Powders for Infants and Young Children.Global health, science and practice · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Theogene DusingizimanaSchool of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. T.Dusingizimana@massey.ac.nz.
Janet L WeberSchool of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Thiagarajah RamilanSchool of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Per Ole IversenDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Louise BroughSchool of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The World Health Organization recommends point-of-use fortification with multiple micronutrients powder (MNP) for foods consumed by children aged 6-23 months in populations where anemia prevalence among children under 2 years or under 5 years of age is 20% or higher. In Rwanda, anemia affects 37% of children under 5 years. The MNP program was implemented to address anemia, but research on factors affecting the implementation of the MNP program is limited. We conducted a mixed-methods study to examine the factors influencing access to and use of MNP among mothers (N=379) in Rutsiro district, northwest Rwanda. Inductive content analysis was used for qualitative data. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with the use of MNP. Qualitative results indicated that the unavailability of MNP supplies and distribution issues were major barriers to accessing MNP. Factors influencing the use of MNP included mothers' perceptions of side effects and health benefits of MNP, as well as inappropriate complementary feeding practices. Mothers of older children (aged 12-23 months) were more likely to use MNP than those of younger children (aged 6-11 months) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=3.63,

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsMicronutrientsAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFood, FortifiedHumansInfantInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaPowdersRwandaMicronutrientsPowders

Identifiers

PMID34048359
PMCPMC8324192

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.