Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34048166›Full record

ArticleAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP2021

Community-based Mobile Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Rural India: Successes and Challenges for Implementation.

Vijaya Srinivas, Sasha Herbst De Cortina, Holly Nishimura, Karl Krupp, Poornima Jayakrishna, Kavitha Ravi, Anisa Khan, SubbaRao V Madhunapantula, Purnima Madhivanan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. DOST: A consolidated health behavior model that maps factors influencing cancer screening uptake.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025
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  10. Exploring the sources of cervical cancer screening self-efficacy among rural females: A qualitative study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2023
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Vijaya SrinivasPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
Sasha Herbst De CortinaPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
Holly NishimuraDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
Karl KruppPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
Poornima JayakrishnaPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
Kavitha RaviPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
Anisa KhanPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.
SubbaRao V MadhunapantulaDivision of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9167-9271
Purnima MadhivananPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.ORCID 0000-0001-7818-3394
Public Health Research Institute Of India · INJSS Academy of Higher Education and Research · INUniversity of Arizona · US

Funding

Research Mentoring and Building Capacity of underrepresented Minority Research Scientists in India.D43TW010540 · FIC · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MICHELE BARRY, Eva Harris · 2017 to 2026
$15.5M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010540
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility; mention the challenges encountered and highlight the success of implementing a community-based mobile cervical cancer-screening program in rural India.

methodsCommunities were mobilized through extensive peer education and by screening in existing community spaces using a mobile clinic model. An initial "screen and treat" protocol was transitioned to "screen, test, and treat" using Pap smears for confirmatory testing, and cryotherapy or Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) for treatment. We trained 50 Peer Educators and conducted 190 screening camps in 58 locations.

resultsOf 3,821 registered women, 3,544 (92.8%) accepted screening. Overall, 440/3544 (12.4%, 95% CI 11.3-13.5%) women had VIA-positive lesions. Under "screen and treat", 56/156 (35.9%) women accepted same-day treatment. Under "screen, test, and treat", 555/762 (72.8%) women received a Pap smear. Overall, 83 women underwent cryotherapy (n=56) and LEEP (n=27). Of those, 49 (59.0%) participants were followed up, with normal VIA results up to two years after treatment. In summary, the peer educators promoted awareness of cervical cancer and helped in gaining buy-in from communities. Acceptance of same-day treatment was low and accompanied by loss to follow-up, limiting the utility of VIA in these studies.

conclusionsMobile infrastructure utilized in community spaces brought screening directly to rural women. Culturally appropriate methods to increase linkage to treatment and additional screening options such as HPV DNA testing should be explored.

Indexed as

AdultEarly Detection of CancerFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHealth Plan ImplementationHumansIndiaMobile Health UnitsPapanicolaou TestPrognosisRural PopulationUterine Cervical NeoplasmsVaginal Smearscancer screeningCervical cancerCommunity OutreachMobile Clinic

Identifiers

PMID34048166
PMCPMC8408397
OpenAlexW3164029882

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.