ArticleJournal of traumatic stress2021
Developmental Trauma Disorder: A Legacy of Attachment Trauma in Victimized Children.
Article in Journal of traumatic stress, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Validity, Reliability, and Clinical Utility of Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) Symptom Criteria.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2022Pooled it
- Building the framework for ongoing discovery: coding practice elements in child traumatic stress intervention studies.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Integrated Inpatient Trauma-Focused Treatment for Children and Parents: A Longitudinal Evaluation Study.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2026Article
- Psychological, Emotional, and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Child Victims of Domestic Violence: A Review of the Literature.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2026Article
- Article
- Enhancing Engagement and Treatment Efficacy in Youth and Families with Persistent Trauma Exposure.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Conceptualizing Attachment Trauma: A Developmental Trauma Perspective.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2025Article
- The Psychopathological Domains of Attachment Trauma: A Proposal for a Clinical Conceptualization.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2025Article
- Mindfulness-based interventions for preventing childhood maltreatment and restoring health among survivors: a public health perspective.Mindfulness · 2025Article
- Beyond psychotropics: critical strategies for supporting youth in foster care.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Current Status and Future Directions of Artificial Intelligence in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Literature Measurement Analysis.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Temporal-Posterior Alpha Power in Resting-State Electroencephalography as a Potential Marker of Complex Childhood Trauma in Institutionalized Adolescents.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Mediator Role of Dissociative Experiences in the Effect of Childhood Traumas on Emotion Regulation Difficulty and Parental Child-Containing Function.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Toward Integration of Trauma, Resilience, and Equity Theory and Practice: A Narrative Review and Call for Consilience.The Permanente journal · 2024Review
- Potentially Traumatic Events of Women of Color in an Urban Adult Basic Education Program.Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma · 2024Article
- Residential childcare worker perceptions of work-related achievement and pride.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Violence Exposure and Trauma-Informed Care.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2023Review
- The Emotionally Sensitive Child-Adverse Parenting Experiences-Allostatic (Over)Load (ESCAPE-AL) Model for the Development of Secondary Psychopathic Traits.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2023Article
- The Attachment Mapping Protocol (AMP): An Assessment and Treatment Tool for General Psychotherapy, Systemic Family Therapy and Multifaith Spiritual Care.Journal of religion and health · 2023Article
- Why We Need a Developmentally Appropriate Trauma Diagnosis for Children: a 10-Year Update on Developmental Trauma Disorder.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Developmental trauma disorder (DTD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been found to have both shared and unique traumatic antecedents. The present study was an independent replication, with the DTD Structured Interview and the Traumatic Events Screening Instrument administered to 271 children in mental health treatment in six U.S. sites. On an unadjusted basis, DTD (27.3% prevalence, N = 74) and PTSD (40.2% prevalence, N = 109) both were associated with traumatic physical assault or abuse, family violence, emotional abuse, caregiver separation or impairment, and polyvictimization. After controlling for PTSD, DTD was associated emotional abuse, OR = 2.9, 95% CI [1.19, 6.95], and traumatic separation from a primary caregiver, OR = 2.2, 95% CI [1.04. 4.60], both of which also were associated with caregiver impairment, physical assault/abuse, and witnessing family/community violence. Three traumatic antecedents associated with PTSD were not associated with DTD: noninterpersonal trauma, sexual trauma, and traumatic loss. Children exposed to both traumatic victimization and attachment trauma (36.2%) or attachment trauma alone (32.5%) were more likely than children exposed only to victimization (17.5%) or those with no history of victimization or attachment trauma (8.1%) to meet the symptom criteria for DTD, χ²(3, N = 271) = 17.68, p < .001. Study findings replicate and extend prior DTD field trial study results, showing that, although PTSD and DTD share traumatic antecedents, DTD is uniquely associated with traumatic emotional abuse and caregiver separation. Further research is needed to examine how specific trauma types contribute to the risk, course, and severity of DTD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.