ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2021
Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosomes in Metabolic Bone Diseases: Regulators, Biomarkers and Targeted Delivery Systems.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Exosomes in bone health and disease: cellular crosstalk, systemic signaling, and AI-driven advances in regenerative therapy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Exosome-enabled bone defect repair: mechanistic foundations, bioengineered delivery, and artificial intelligence-driven translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Plant Exosome-Loaded Intelligent Hydrogels for Osteoporotic Bone Regeneration: Mechanisms and Applications.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Nanoparticles and bone microenvironment: a comprehensive review for malignant bone tumor diagnosis and treatment.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Bone targeted nano-drug and nano-delivery.Bone research · 2024Review
- Canine Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Exosomes: State-of-the-Art Characterization, Functional Analysis and Applications in Various Diseases.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Role of miRNA-regulated type H vessel formation in osteoporosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Shaping the next era of stroke treatment.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2023Article
- 17β-Estradiol-Loaded Exosomes for Targeted Drug Delivery in Osteoporosis: A Comparative Study of Two Loading Methods.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2023Article
- Engineering exosomes and biomaterial-assisted exosomes as therapeutic carriers for bone regeneration.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Review
- Exosomes-Based Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Insights and Future Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Osteosarcoma: Antagonists or Therapeutic Agents?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Small Extracellular Vesicles in the Development, Diagnosis, and Possible Therapeutic Application of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Accelerate Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Promoting the Phagocytosis of Macrophages to Clean Myelin Debris.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The increasing incidence of bone-related disorders is causing a burden on the clinical scenario. Even though bone is one of the tissues that possess tremendous regenerative potential, certain bone anomalies need therapeutic intervention through appropriate delivery of a drug. Among several nanosystems and biologics that offer the potential to contribute towards bone healing, the exosomes from the class of extracellular vesicles are outstanding. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that, apart from the various advantages, are standing out of the crowd for their ability to conduct cellular communication. The internal cargo of the exosomes is leading to its potential use in therapeutics. Exosomes are being unraveled in terms of the mechanism as well as application in targeting various diseases and tissues. Through this review, we have tried to understand and review all that is already established and the gap areas that still exist in utilizing them as drug delivery vehicles targeting the bone. The review highlights the potential of the exosomes towards their contribution to the drug delivery scenario in the bone microenvironment. A comparison of the pros and cons of exosomes with other prevalent drug delivery systems is also done. A section on the patents that have been generated so far from this field is included.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.