ArticleNPJ breast cancer2021
MicroRNA-200c restoration reveals a cytokine profile to enhance M1 macrophage polarization in breast cancer.
Article in NPJ breast cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The functional dichotomy of exosomal microRNAs in TNBC: implications for chemoresistance and integrated theranostics.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immunosuppression: Two sides of the same coin.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Aggressive breast cancers secrete heme metabolites to alter macrophage immune suppression and function.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and immunosuppression in canine carcinomas reveals cross-species upregulation of CD109.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Rewriting Tumor Entry Rules: Microfluidic Polyplexes and Tumor-Penetrating Strategies-A Literature Review.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- The central role of EMT in tumor progression: mechanistic drivers, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic horizons.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The role of naturally-occurring canine tumors in translating conserved consequences of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to human cancers.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Targeting epigenetic modifications as an emerging immunotherapeutic strategy for cancers.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- MiR-200a regulates PD-L1 and predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Unraveling the metastasis-preventing effect of miR-200c in vitro and in vivo.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Protein swarm-based cause-effect analysis: effects of microRNAs on cooperation networks linking COVID-19 infections, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis: signaling pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and crosstalk with synovial fibroblasts.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy for Breast Cancer: Lessons from Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2023Article
- Harnessing epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to boost cancer immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Review
- MicroRNA: role in macrophage polarization and the pathogenesis of the liver fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Crosstalk between Tumor-Associated Macrophages and MicroRNAs: A Key Role in Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- LARRPM restricts lung adenocarcinoma progression and M2 macrophage polarization through epigenetically regulating LINC00240 and CSF1.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2022Article
- Article
- Tumor-associated macrophages of the M1/M2 phenotype are involved in the regulation of malignant biological behavior of breast cancer cells through the EMT pathway.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many immune suppressive mechanisms utilized by triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) are regulated by oncogenic epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). How TNBC EMT impacts innate immune cells is not fully understood. To determine how TNBC suppresses antitumor macrophages, we used microRNA-200c (miR-200c), a powerful repressor of EMT, to drive mesenchymal-like mouse mammary carcinoma and human TNBC cells toward a more epithelial state. MiR-200c restoration significantly decreased growth of mouse mammary carcinoma Met-1 cells in culture and in vivo. Cytokine profiling of Met-1 and human BT549 cells revealed that miR-200c upregulated cytokines, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), promoted M1 antitumor macrophage polarization. Cytokines upregulated by miR-200c correlated with an epithelial gene signature and M1 macrophage polarization in BC patients and predicted a more favorable overall survival for TNBC patients. Our findings demonstrate that immunogenic cytokines (e.g., GM-CSF) are suppressed in aggressive TNBC, warranting further investigation of cytokine-based therapies to limit disease recurrence.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.