Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34043820›Full record

ReviewClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2021

Analysis Approaches to Identify Pharmacogenetic Associations With Pharmacodynamics.

Daniel L Hertz, Laura B Ramsey, Mathangi Gopalakrishnan, J Steven Leeder, Sara L Van Driest

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Associations ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Genomics in Health and Biomedicine.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Evolution of predictive risk factor analysis for chemotherapy-related toxicity.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023
    Review
  7. Defining Clinical Utility of Germline Indicators of Toxicity Risk: A Perspective.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Daniel L HertzDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Laura B RamseyDivisions of Clinical Pharmacology & Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Mathangi GopalakrishnanCenter for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Steven LeederDepartment of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Sara L Van DriestDepartments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Children's Mercy Hospital · USCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USVanderbilt University Medical Center · US

Funding

Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (MCHR)UL1TR000433 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MASHOUR, GEORGE ALEXANDER · 2012 to 2016
$49.9M
Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (MCHR)KL2TR000434 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MASHOUR, GEORGE ALEXANDER · 2012 to 2016
$1.7M
NCATS NIH HHS 2UL1TR000433NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000434NCATS NIH HHS KL2TR000434NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000433
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pharmacogenetics (PGx) seeks to enable selection of the right dose of the right drug for each patient to optimize therapeutic outcomes. Most PGx focuses on pharmacokinetics (PKs), due to our relatively advanced understanding of the genes involved in PKs and the causative effects of variants in those genes. Genetic variants can also affect pharmacodynamics (PDs), but relatively few PGx-PD associations have been identified. This is partially due to a more limited understanding of the relevant genes and the consequences of genetic variation, but is also due in part to the potential confounding of PK variability in assessments of clinical outcomes that have a contribution from both PKs and PDs. For example, it is challenging to confirm the effect of mu opioid receptor (OPRM1) genetic variation on opioid response due to the contribution of CYP2D6 genotype to bioactivation of some opioid drugs (i.e., codeine and tramadol). The objectives of this mini-review are to describe several recent efforts to discover and validate PGx-PD that disentangle the influence of PK variability and propose potential approaches that could be used in future PGx-PD analyses. We use the effect of OPRM1 genetics on opioid response to illustrate how these analyses could be conducted and conclude by discussing how PGx-PD could be translated into clinical practice to improve therapeutic outcomes.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomic TestingReceptors, Opioid, muAnalgesics, OpioidReceptors, Opioid, mu

Identifiers

PMID34043820
PMCPMC10947489
OpenAlexW3165023349

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.