ArticlePloS one2021
Incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in HIV patients on ART in a developing country: Case of Zimbabwe's Chitungwiza Central Hospital-A retrospective cohort study (2010-2019).
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and risk of cardiovascular events among people living with HIV: a meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Association between HIV infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: global incidence, prevalence, and risk factors - a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and influences of diabetes and prediabetes among adults living with HIV in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Pooled it
- Implementing integrated care clinics for HIV-infection, diabetes and hypertension in Uganda (INTE-AFRICA): process evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMC health services research · 2023Trial
- Second-line antiretroviral therapy success rates and predictors among people living with HIV in Rwanda, 2019-2023.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic noncommunicable diseases among people living with HIV in Rwanda: protocol for the NCOHIRWA prospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Temporal analysis of non-communicable diseases and NCD-HIV/AIDS comorbidity in Malawi: A 4-year retrospective study 2020-2022.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic and behavioural factors that contribute to the co-occurrence of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Beyond viral load: Unravelling non-communicable disease patterns in Manicaland province, Zimbabwe.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Article
- Predictors of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors Among People Living with HIV and HIV-Negative Patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Incidence and predictors of non-communicable diseases among people with HIV at a specialised hospital in Hawassa, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes reduction among older people living with HIV in Harare.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024Review
- Diabetes mellitus and associated factors among HIV-positive patients at primary health care facilities in Harare, Zimbabwe: a descriptive cross-sectional study.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Serum E-selectin and endothelial cell-specific Molecule-1 levels among people living with HIV on long term ART in Uganda: a pilot cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Development of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus, and Associated Factors, Among Adult HIV Patients in Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- The risk of hyperglycemia associated with use of dolutegravir among adults living with HIV in Kampala, Uganda: A case-control study.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2022Article
- Hyperglycemia and its associated factors among people living with HIV on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
- Magnitude of Noncommunicable Diseases and Associated Factors among Adult People Living with HIV Attending ART Clinics of General Hospitals in Sidama Region, Ethiopia.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has been reported to be rising over the years leading up to 2010. In Zimbabwe, there are few studies done to examine the incidence of NCDs in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on anti-retroviral treatment (ART).
objectiveTo determine the incidence of NCDs in HIV patients on ART at the Chitungwiza Central Hospital over ten years and the associated risk factors.
methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using data from 203 patients enrolled on ART at the Chitungwiza Central Hospital between 2010 and 2019. All 500 records were considered and the selection was based on participants' consenting to the study and their strict adherence to ART without absconding. The incidence of NCDs was determined and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to estimate the association between NCDs and the selected risk factors.
findingsData collected at the study's baseline (2010) showed that the most prevalent NCD was hypertension, found in (18/203) 8.9% of the study participants, followed by diabetes (6.9%), then followed by cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (3.9%), and the least common NCD was cancer (1.9%). Incidences of all of these NCDs showed an increasing trend as the time of follow-up progressed. The factors found to be significantly associated with the development of NCDs were gender (p = 0.002) and follow-up time (p<0.001). Geographical location was a significant risk factor as urban patients were more likely to develop hypertension as compared to the peri-urban patients (p = 0.001).
conclusionsNCDs and HIV comorbidity is common with women more likely than males to develop NCDs as they advance in age. There is need to devise targeted intervention approach to the respective NCDs and risk factors since they affect differently in relation to the demographic details of the participants. RECOMMENDATIONS: This paper recommends a multi-stakeholder approach to the management of NCDs, with researchers, clinicians and the government and its various arms taking a leading role.
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