Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34043636›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Promiscuous specialists: Host specificity patterns among generalist louse flies.

Aleksi Lehikoinen, Pekka Pohjola, Jari Valkama, Marko Mutanen, Jaakko L O Pohjoismäki

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Morphological and genetic variation in theInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026
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  6. Design of species-specific molecular markers for PCR-based differentiation of bird louse fliesCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026
    Article
  7. International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
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  10. A new species of louse fly,International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025
    Article
  11. Host-related genetic differentiation of a polyxenic avian ectoparasite,International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025
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  12. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Aleksi LehikoinenThe Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
Pekka PohjolaDepartment of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
Jari ValkamaThe Helsinki Lab of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
Marko MutanenEcology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Jaakko L O PohjoismäkiDepartment of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-1185-3610

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ectoparasites such as louse flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) have tendency for host specialization, which is driven by adaptation to host biology as well as competition avoidance between parasites of the same host. However, some louse fly species, especially in genera attacking birds, show wide range of suitable hosts. In the presented study, we have surveyed the current status of bird specific louse flies in Finland to provide comprehensive host association data to analyse the ecological requirements of the generalist species. A thorough sampling of 9342 birds, representing 134 species, recovered 576 specimens of louse flies, belonging to six species: Crataerina hirundinis, C. pallida, Ornithomya avicularia, O. chloropus, O. fringillina and Ornithophila metallica. Despite some overlapping hosts, the three Ornithomya species showed a notable pattern in their host preference, which was influenced not only by the host size but also by the habitat and host breeding strategy. We also provide DNA barcodes for ten Finnish species of Hippoboscidae, which can be used as a resource for species identification as well as metabarcoding studies in the future.

Indexed as

AnimalsBirdsDipteraDNA Barcoding, TaxonomicEcosystemFinlandHost SpecificityPhylogeny

Identifiers

PMID34043636
PMCPMC8158981

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.