ReviewAnnals of medicine2021
Alarmins, COVID-19 and comorbidities.
Review in Annals of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID 19 and febrile neutropenia: Case report and systematic review.Travel medicine and infectious diseasePooled it
- Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: exploring the role of nucleocapsid protein in thrombosis.PeerJ · 2025Review
- The Effectiveness and Safety of Remdesivir Use in COVID-19 Patients with Neutropenia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Absence of a causal link between COVID-19 and deep vein thrombosis: Insights from a bi-directional Mendelian randomisation study.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Anti-alarmin asthma therapies: where do we go from here?Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2023Article
- Structure and Functions of HMGB2 Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Risk of Thrombosis during and after a SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Approach, and Management.Hematology reports · 2023Review
- TSLP and HMGB1: Inflammatory Targets and Potential Biomarkers for Precision Medicine in Asthma and COPD.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Clinical Application of Antibody Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2: Comprehensive Review on Immunoassay and Immunotherapy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
- The Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in CpG-Induced Macrophage Activation Syndrome.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
- IL-33 and the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: From a Potential Immunological Relationship towards Precision Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Progress in Assays of HMGB1 Levels in Human Plasma-The Potential Prognostic Value in COVID-19.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Epithelial cell alarmin cytokines: Frontline mediators of the asthma inflammatory response.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A Narrative Review of the Safety of Anti-COVID-19 Nutraceuticals for Patients with Cancer.Cancers · 2021Review
- Sunlight Exposure and Phototherapy: Perspectives for Healthy Aging in an Era of COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Long COVID: long-term effects?European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the aetiological agent of COVID-19 disease, is representing a worldwide threat for the medical community and the society at large so that it is being defined as "the twenty-first-century disease". Often associated with a severe cytokine storm, leading to more severe cases, it is mandatory to block such occurrence early in the disease course, to prevent the patients from having more severe, sometimes fatal, outcomes. In this framework, early detection of "danger signals", possibly represented by alarmins, can represent one of the most promising strategies to effectively tailor the disease and to better understand the underlying mechanisms eventually leading to death or severe consequences. In light of such considerations, the present article aims at evaluating the role of alarmins in patients affected by COVID-19 disease and the relationship of such compounds with the most commonly reported comorbidities. The conducted researches demonstrated yet poor literature on this specific topic, however preliminarily confirming a role for danger signals in the amplification of the inflammatory reaction associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. As such, a number of chronic conditions, including metabolic syndrome, gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases, in turn, associated with higher levels of alarmins, both foster the infection and predispose to a worse prognosis. According to these preliminary data, prompt detection of high levels of alarmins in patients with COVID-19 and co-morbidities could suggest an immediate intense anti-inflammatory treatment.Key messageAlarmins have a role in the amplification of the inflammatory reaction associated with SARS-CoV-2 infectiona prompt detection of high levels of alarmins in patients with COVID-19 could suggest an immediate intense anti-inflammatory treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.