Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34040047›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Accelerated annealing of colloidal crystal monolayers by means of cyclically applied electric fields.

Peng-Kai Kao, Bryan J VanSaders, Sharon C Glotzer, Michael J Solomon

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Capillary Wave-Assisted Colloidal Assembly.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025
    Article
  5. Electric Field Cycling of Physisorbed Antibodies Reduces Biolayer Polarization Dispersion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  6. Field-Pulse-Induced Annealing of 2D Colloidal Polycrystals.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  7. Field-Induced Assembly and Propulsion of Colloids.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Peng-Kai Kao *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Building 10 - A151, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Bryan J VanSaders *Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Sharon C GlotzerDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Building 10 - A151, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Michael J SolomonDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, Building 10 - A151, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. mjsolo@umich.edu.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Basic Energy Sciences DE-SC0013562
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

External fields are commonly applied to accelerate colloidal crystallization; however, accelerated self-assembly kinetics can negatively impact the quality of crystal structures. We show that cyclically applied electric fields can produce high quality colloidal crystals by annealing local disorder. We find that the optimal off-duration for maximum annealing is approximately one-half of the characteristic melting half lifetime of the crystalline phase. Local six-fold bond orientational order grows more rapidly than global scattering peaks, indicating that local restructuring leads global annealing. Molecular dynamics simulations of cyclically activated systems show that the ratio of optimal off-duration for maximum annealing and crystal melting time is insensitive to particle interaction details. This research provides a quantitative relationship describing how the cyclic application of fields produces high quality colloidal crystals by cycling at the fundamental time scale for local defect rearrangements; such understanding of dynamics and kinetics can be applied for reconfigurable colloidal assembly.

Identifiers

PMID34040047
PMCPMC8155009
OpenAlexW3165526308

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.