Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34039262›Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2021

Temporal trends in heart failure mortality in an integrated healthcare delivery system, California, and the US, 2001-2017.

Matthew T Mefford, Zimin Zhuang, Zhi Liang, Wansu Chen, Sandra Y Koyama, Maria T Taitano, Heather L Watson, Ming-Sum Lee, Stephen Sidney, Kristi Reynolds

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Matthew T MeffordDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 S Los Robles Ave, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA. matthew.t.mefford@kp.org.ORCID 0000-0002-0735-0340
Zimin ZhuangDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 S Los Robles Ave, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA.
Zhi LiangDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 S Los Robles Ave, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA.
Wansu ChenDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 S Los Robles Ave, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA.
Sandra Y KoyamaInternal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Baldwin Park, CA, USA.
Maria T TaitanoHarbor City Medical Center, Harbor City, CA, USA.
Heather L WatsonComplete Care Support Programs, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Ming-Sum LeeDepartment of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Stephen SidneyDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Kristi ReynoldsDepartment of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 S Los Robles Ave, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA.
Kaiser Permanente · USKaiser Permanente Baldwin Park Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn recent years, decreases in mortality rates attributable to cardiovascular diseases have slowed but mortality attributable to heart failure (HF) has increased.

methodsBetween 2001-2017, trends in age-adjusted mortality with HF as an underlying cause for Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) members were derived through linkage with state death files and compared with trends among California residents and the US. Average annual percent change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Joinpoint regression. Analyses were repeated examining HF as a contributing cause of death.

resultsIn KPSC, the age-adjusted HF mortality rates were comparable to California but lower than the US, increasing from 23.9 per 100,000 person-years (PY) in 2001 to 44.7 per 100,000 PY in 2017, representing an AAPC of 1.3% (95% CI 0.0%, 2.6%). HF mortality also increased in California from 33.9 to 46.5 per 100,000 PY (AAPC 1.5%, 95% CI 0.3%, 2.7%), while remaining unchanged in the US at 57.9 per 100,000 PY in 2001 and 2017 (AAPC 0.0%, 95% CI - 0.5%, 0.5%). Trends among KPSC members ≥ 65 years old were similar to the overall population, while trends among members 45-64 years old were flat between 2001-2017. Small changes in mortality with HF as a contributing cause were observed in KPSC members between 2001 and 2017, which differed from California and the US.

conclusionLower rates of HF mortality were observed in KPSC compared to the US. Given the aging of the US population and increasing prevalence of HF, it will be important to examine individual and care-related factors driving susceptibility to HF mortality.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health Care, IntegratedHealth Maintenance OrganizationsAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionCaliforniaFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedMortalityRisk AssessmentSex DistributionTime FactorsEpidemiologyHeart failureMortalityTrends

Identifiers

PMID34039262
PMCPMC8157708
OpenAlexW3164217394

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.