ArticlePloS one2021
Ethyl ferulate contributes to the inhibition of the inflammatory responses in murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and acute lung injury in mice.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-inflammatory effect ofJournal of animal science and technology · 2026Article
- Role of autonomic receptors in ethyl ferulate-induced cardiovascular effects in normotensive and hypertensive female rats.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Using computational pharmacology and experimental verification to decode mechanism of Qing-Wei-San in treating periodontitis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Natural Compounds Regulate Macrophage Polarization and Alleviate Inflammation Against ALI/ARDS.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Natural ingredients in the regulation of abnormal lipid peroxidation: a potential therapy for pulmonary diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Phenethylferulate as a natural inhibitor of inflammation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages: focus on NF-κB, Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Ferulic Acid: A Review of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Effects on Pulmonary Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Chemical Constituents ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mitochondriotropic Derivative of Ethyl Ferulate, a Dietary Phenylpropanoid, Exhibits Enhanced Cytotoxicity in Cancer Cells via Mitochondrial Superoxide-Mediated Activation of JNK and AKT Signalling.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Design, synthesis, antiviral activities of ferulic acid derivatives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- FAEE exerts a protective effect against osteoporosis by regulating the MAPK signalling pathway.Pharmaceutical biology · 2022Article
- Comparative Lipidomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Mystery of Lacquer Oil fromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Article
- Ferulic Acid Metabolites Attenuate LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Enterocyte-like Cells.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Detecting Critical Functional Ingredients Group and Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in Treating Sepsis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEthyl ferulate (EF) is a derivative of ferulic acid (FA), which is a monomeric component purified from the traditional medicinal herb Ferula, but its effects have not been clear yet. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether EF can reduce inflammation levels in macrophages by regulating the Nrf2-HO-1 and NF-кB pathway.
methodsThe LPS-induced raw 264.7 macrophage cells model was used to determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of EF. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 were analyzed by ELISA. The mRNA and protein of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, HO-1 and Nrf2 were identified by RT-PCR analysis and western blotting. Intracellular ROS levels were assessed with DCFH oxidation staining. The expressions of NF-кB p-p65 and Nrf2 were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay. The inhibitory effect of Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 (2μM) on mediatation of antioxidant activity by raw 264.7 macrophage cells was evaluated. The effect of EF was confirmed in acute lung injury mice model.
resultsIn our research, EF reduced the expression of iNOS, COX2 and the production of PGE2. EF could inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophages and decreased expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, EF inhibited NF-кB p65 from transporting to the nucleus, decreased the expression of p-IкBα, significantly decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. EF could attenuate the degree of leukocyte infiltration, reduced MPO activity, mRNA levels and secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in vivo. EF exhibited potent protective effects against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice.
conclusionsCollectively, our data showed that EF relieved LPS-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, known to be involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses by Nrf2.
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