ArticleJMIR formative research2021
The Effect of Training on Participant Adherence With a Reporting Time Frame for Momentary Subjective Experiences in Ecological Momentary Assessment: Cognitive Interview Study.
Article in JMIR formative research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Health-Related Digital Ecological Momentary Assessment in Children (Aged 5- 11 Years): Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Ecological Momentary Assessments of daily pain experiences in bothersome and high-impact chronic pain.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Development and preliminary testing of a comprehensive Ecological Momentary Assessment of people with chronic pain.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- ESM-Q: A consensus-based quality assessment tool for experience sampling method items.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of measuring prenatal stress in daily life using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment and wearable physiological monitors.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Article
- Momentary Factors and Study Characteristics Associated With Participant Burden and Protocol Adherence: Ecological Momentary Assessment.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Response times in Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA): shedding light on the response process with a drift diffusion model.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Do delayed responses introduce bias in ecological momentary assessment? Evidence from comparisons between self-reported and objective physical activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- The Usefulness of Web-Based Communication Data for Social Network Health Interventions: Agent-Based Modeling Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Pressing Issues in Ecological Momentary Assessment.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2023Review
- Mobile survey engagement by older adults is high during multiple phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and is predicted by baseline and structural factors.Frontiers in digital health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEcological momentary assessment (EMA) has the potential to minimize recall bias by having people report on their experiences in the moment (momentary model) or over short periods (coverage model). This potential hinges on the assumption that participants provide their ratings based on the reporting time frame instructions prescribed in the EMA items. However, it is unclear what time frames participants actually use when answering the EMA questions and whether participant training improves participants' adherence to the reporting instructions.
objectiveThis study aims to investigate the reporting time frames participants used when answering EMA questions and whether participant training improves participants' adherence to the EMA reporting timeframe instructions.
methodsTelephone-based cognitive interviews were used to investigate the research questions. In a 2×2 factorial design, participants (n=100) were assigned to receive either basic or enhanced EMA training and randomized to rate their experiences using a momentary (at the moment you were called) or a coverage (since the last phone call) model. Participants received five calls over the course of a day to provide ratings; after each rating, participants were immediately interviewed about the time frame they used to answer the EMA questions. A total of 2 raters independently coded the momentary interview responses into time frame categories (Cohen κ=0.64, 95% CI 0.55-0.73).
resultsThe results from the momentary conditions showed that most of the calls referred to the period during the call (57/199, 28.6%) or just before the call (98/199, 49.2%) to provide ratings; the remainder were from longer reporting periods. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated a significant training effect (χ
conclusionsThe results of this study provide the first evidence about adherence to EMA instructions to reporting periods and that enhanced participant training improves adherence to the time frame specified in momentary EMA studies.
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