Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34036621›Full record

ArticleNeurourology and urodynamics2021

Recurrent urinary tract infection: Association of clinical profiles with urobiome composition in women.

Lindsey A Burnett, Baylie R Hochstedler, Kelly Weldon, Alan J Wolfe, Linda Brubaker

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurourology and urodynamics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05557279 (Urinary Microbiome Changes Following Administration of 500 mg of NDS-446 in Women With Dry OAB at 12 Weeks - a Single-center Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05557279 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Urinary Microbiome Changes Following Administration of 500 mg of NDS-446 in Women With Dry OAB at 12 Weeks - a Single-center Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorLoyola UniversityRan2023 to 2025Enrolled53ConditionsOveractive BladderArms500 mg NDS-446
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. More than an infection: the ecological puzzle of recurrent urinary tract infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  4. The Urinary Microbiota and the Gut-Bladder Axis in Bladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Draft genomes ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024
    Article
  8. Draft genomes of oneMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024
    Article
  9. Draft genome sequences of fourMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024
    Article
  10. Draft genomes ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Comparative genomic analysis of uropathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Article
  17. Clinical relevance of expanded quantitative urine culture in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023
    Review
  18. Article
  19. The Urobiome and Its Role in Overactive Bladder.International neurourology journal · 2022
    Article
  20. Bladder cancer, inflammageing and microbiomes.Nature reviews. Urology · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lindsey A BurnettDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6430-4498
Baylie R HochstedlerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Kelly WeldonCenter for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Alan J WolfeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Linda BrubakerDivision of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
University of California San Diego · USLoyola University Chicago · US

Funding

The Female Urinary Microbiome and Urinary IncontinenceR01DK104718 · NIDDK · LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO · PI BRUBAKER, LINDA, WOLFE, ALAN J · 2016 to 2020
$3.1M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK104718
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsClinical profiles of women with recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) are correlated with their urinary microbes.

methodsThis IRB-approved, cross-sectional study enrolled adult women with RUTI. Urine samples (catheterized and voided) underwent culture by expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) and standard urine culture (SUC) methods. A validated symptom questionnaire, relevant clinical variables, and EQUC were used to identify symptom clusters and detect associations with specific urinary microbes.

resultsMost (36/43) participants were postmenopausal; the average age was 67 years. 51% reported vaginal estrogen use; 51% reported sexual activity. Although single symptoms were not associated with specific urinary microbes, EQUC results were correlated with five distinct clinical profile clusters: Group A: odor, cloudiness, and current vaginal estrogen use (no culture result association). Group B: frequency, low back pain, incomplete emptying, and vaginal estrogen (significantly increased proportion of Lactobacillus-positive cultures). Group C: pain/burning, odor, cloudiness, and urgency (high proportions of UTI-associated microbe-positive cultures). Group D: frequency, urgency, pain/burning, and current vaginal estrogen use (increased number of no growth cultures). Group E: frequency, urgency, pain/burning, odor, overactive bladder, and sexually active (significantly increased proportion of Klebsiella-positive cultures).

conclusionsDistinct clinical profiles are associated with specific urinary microbes in women with RUTI. Refined assessments of clinical profiles may provide useful insights that could inform diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

Indexed as

Urinary Bladder, OveractiveUrinary Tract InfectionsAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansUrinalysisenhanced urine culturerecurrent urinary tract infectionsymptomatologyurinary microbiomeurinary microbiota

Identifiers

PMID34036621
PMCPMC8298270
OpenAlexW3164430649

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.