Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34036585›Full record

ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2022

Momentary borderline personality disorder symptoms in youth as a function of parental invalidation and youth-perceived support.

Salome Vanwoerden, Amy L Byrd, Vera Vine, Joseph E Beeney, Lori N Scott, Stephanie D Stepp

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Beyond snapshots: A systematic review of dyadic and triadic parent-adolescent ecological momentary assessment studies across diverse and general populations.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Shared and Unique Components of Executive Function as Predictors of Aggression Trajectories in High-Risk Adolescents.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53 · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Associations between Subtypes of Empathy and Aggression in High-Risk Adolescents.Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Salome VanwoerdenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Amy L ByrdDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Vera VineDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Joseph E BeeneyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Lori N ScottDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Stephanie D SteppDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Funding

CLINICAL RESEARCH TRAINING FOR PSYCHOLOGISTST32MH018269 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MICHELE D LEVINE · 1986 to 2026
$6.3M
Components of Emotional Instability as Precursors of Borderline PersonalityR01MH101088 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI STEPP, STEPHANIE D · 2014 to 2018
$2.2M
Neural mechanisms of reactive aggression in adolescence: Altered reactivity during threat and reinforcement conditioningK01MH119216 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BYRD, AMY L · 2019 to 2023
$845k
Neurodevelopment: attachment, social function and borderline personalityK01MH109859 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BEENEY, JOSEPH EDWARD · 2016 to 2020
$803k
NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH109859NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH119216NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH101088NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH018269
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundParental invalidation is central to etiological models of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Previous studies relied on retrospective accounts or laboratory observations to examine these associations. There is a dearth of research assessing these constructs in daily life, and limited studies have tested the effect of parental invalidation on BPD symptoms during early adolescence, when BPD onsets. The current study took a dynamic approach to assess parents' validating and invalidating behavior and its effect on youths' BPD symptom expression in daily life, while accounting for parent-perceived helpfulness of these behaviors and youth-perceived support.

methodsA psychiatric sample of 162 early adolescents (age range = 10-14 years; 47% female) and their parent completed a four-day ecological momentary assessment study. Parents reported on the use of validating and invalidating (e.g. punishing and ignoring) behaviors during parent-child conflict, as well as perceived helpfulness of these behaviors. Youth reported on their BPD symptoms and perceived parental support. Multilevel models were used to test the between- and within-person effects of parents' validating and invalidating behaviors, parent-perceived helpfulness and youth-perceived support, and their interaction on youth's momentary expression of BPD symptoms.

resultsAt the between-person level, invalidating behaviors, specifically punishing behaviors, were related to greater BPD symptoms in daily life, while ignoring behaviors were associated with fewer BPD symptoms. Youth-perceived support predicted fewer BPD symptoms.

conclusionsResults underscore the importance of parental invalidation for the expression of BPD symptoms in daily life and also highlight the importance of youth's subjective experience of parental support. Findings are discussed in terms of etiological and intervention models that emphasize a dyadic framework.

Indexed as

Borderline Personality DisorderAdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleParentsRetrospective StudiesadolescenceBorderline personality disorderecological momentary assessmentparental invalidation

Identifiers

PMID34036585
PMCPMC8861851

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.