ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2022
A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza Viruses Replicating in Ferret Upper or Lower Respiratory Tract Differed in Onward Transmission Potential by Air.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- HA thermostability mutations S84F, G167N, and D168N potentiate H9N2 virus transmission in a warming environment.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Upper respiratory tract CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells protect against viral transmission.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Exposure route, not dose, is the primary driver of infection patterns for a respiratory virus.Science advances · 2026Article
- Viral lineage and mode of exposure modulate within-host spatial dynamics of influenza A viruses in a guinea pig model.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Exposure route drives SARS-CoV-2 infection patterns in non-human primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Advancing A(H5N1) influenza risk assessment in ferrets through comparative evaluation of airborne virus shedding patterns.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Viral lineage and mode of exposure modulate within host spatial dynamics of influenza A viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Seasonal PMParticle and fibre toxicology · 2025Article
- Inflammatory, transcriptomic, and cell fate responses underlying the mammalian transmission of avian influenza viruses.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Dispersal of influenza virus populations within the respiratory tract shapes their evolutionary potential.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Barcoded SARS-CoV-2 viruses define the impact of duration and route of exposure on the transmission bottleneck in a hamster model.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Barcoded SARS-CoV-2 viruses define the impact of time and route of transmission on the transmission bottleneck in a Syrian hamster model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Amino acid 138 in the HA of a H3N2 subtype influenza A virus increases affinity for the lower respiratory tract and alveolar macrophages in pigs.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Scanning barcodes: A way to explore viral populations.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Kinetics and magnitude of viral RNA shedding as indicators for Influenza A virus transmissibility in ferrets.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Ferret model to mimic the sequential exposure of humans to historical H3N2 influenza viruses.Vaccine · 2023Article
- Influenza A virus reassortment in mammals gives rise to genetically distinct within-host subpopulations.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Influenza A virus infection and pathology in nasal and periocular tissues after ocular inoculation in ferrets.Veterinary pathology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses replicate efficiently in respiratory epithelia and are transmitted via respiratory droplets and aerosols expelled by infected hosts. The relative onward transmission potential of influenza viruses replicating in the upper and lower respiratory epithelial cells has not been fully defined.
methodsWild-type and barcoded A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses that differed by 2 synonymous mutations per gene segment were inoculated into ferrets via intranasal and intratracheal routes. Naive recipients were exposed to the exhaled breath of inoculated donors for 8 hours on day 2 postinoculation. Onward transmission potential of wild-type and barcoded genotypes were monitored by next generation sequencing.
resultsTransmissible airborne particles were respired from the upper but not the lower respiratory epithelial cells of donor ferrets. There was limited mixing of viral populations replicating in the upper and lower respiratory tissues.
conclusionsThe ferret upper respiratory epithelium was mapped as the anatomic site that generated influenza virus-laden particles mediating onward transmission by air. Our results suggest that vaccines and antivirals should aim to reduce viral loads in the upper respiratory tract for prevention of influenza transmission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.