ArticleScientific reports2021
Lidocaine and bupivacaine as part of multimodal pain management in a C57BL/6J laparotomy mouse model.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analgesic drug efficacy in mouse postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lab animal · 2026Pooled it
- Activity as a readout parameter for neurobehavioral research and severity assessment in laboratory rodents: a systematic comparison and meta-analysis of measurement techniques.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Grimace scale, burrowing, and nest building for the assessment of post-surgical pain in mice and rats-A systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Pooled it
- Animal stroke models and outcome evaluation: A review.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Protocol for spatially restricted CreERT2-mediated recombination in mouse brain-infiltrating B cells using intracerebral 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Dual drug co-encapsulation into liposomes and liposome-derived nanosystems for improved synergistic treatment of skin diseases.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- No evidence of immediate or persistent analgesic effect from a single dose of psilocybin in three mouse models of pain.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Development of a reliable mouse model for caudal epidural anesthesia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of a modified triple-combination anesthesia using dexmedetomidine in mice.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Psilocybin has no immediate or persistent analgesic effect in acute and chronic mouse pain models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Enantiomeric Excess Bupivacaine in a Lavender Oil NLC Tested in a Melanoma Model: Prolonged Release and Anticancer Effect.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Enhanced facial grimacing when laparotomy involves cutaneous and visceral tissue injury.Pain reports · 2025Article
- Reporting practices of anesthetic and analgesic use in rodent orthopedic research.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Refining pain management in mice by comparing multimodal analgesia and NSAID monotherapy for neurosurgical procedures.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mouse and Rat Anesthesia and Analgesia.Current protocols · 2024Article
- The 3Rs in Experimental Liver Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Anesthesia and analgesia for common research models of adult mice.Laboratory animal research · 2022Review
- Effects of a Multimodal Approach Using Buprenorphine with/without Meloxicam on Food Intake, Body Weight, Nest Consolidating Behavior, Burrowing Behavior, and Gastrointestinal Tissues in Postoperative Male Mice.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- A guide to open science practices for animal research.PLoS biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While the use of local anesthesia as part of multimodal pain management is common practice in human and veterinarian surgery, these drugs are not applied routinely in rodent surgery. Several recommendations on the use of local anesthesia exist, but systematic studies on their efficacy and side effects are lacking. In the present study, male and female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a sham vasectomy or a sham embryo transfer, respectively. We tested whether a mixture of subcutaneously injected Lidocaine and Bupivacaine in combination with systemic Paracetamol applied via drinking water results in superior pain relief when compared to treatment with local anesthesia or Paracetamol alone. We applied a combination of methods to assess behavioral, emotional, and physiological changes indicative of pain. Voluntary Paracetamol intake via drinking water reached the target dosage of 200 mg/kg in most animals. Local anesthesia did not lead to obvious side effects such as irregular wound healing or systemic disorders. No relevant sex differences were detected in our study. Sevoflurane anesthesia and surgery affected physiological and behavioral measurements. Surprisingly, Paracetamol treatment alone significantly increased the Mouse Grimace Scale. Taken together, mice treated with a combination of local anesthesia and systemic analgesia did not show fewer signs of post-surgical pain or improved recovery compared to animals treated with either local anesthesia or Paracetamol.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.