Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34034520›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2021

Rapid frequency modulation in a resonant system: aerial perturbation recovery in hawkmoths.

Jeff Gau, Ryan Gemilere, Lds-Vip Fm Subteam, James Lynch, Nick Gravish, Simon Sponberg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Neural bottlenecks: axon count, distribution, and conduction in the Manduca sexta neck connective.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Causal models of rate-independent damping in insect exoskeleta.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Insect Flight: State of the Field and Future Directions.Integrative and comparative biology · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jeff GauInterdisciplinary Bioengineering Graduate Program and Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Ryan GemilereSchool of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Lds-Vip Fm SubteamSchool of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
James LynchMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
Nick GravishMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
Simon SponbergSchool of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Centimetre-scale fliers must contend with the high power requirements of flapping flight. Insects have elastic elements in their thoraxes which may reduce the inertial costs of their flapping wings. Matching wingbeat frequency to a mechanical resonance can be energetically favourable, but also poses control challenges. Many insects use frequency modulation on long timescales, but wingstroke-to-wingstroke modulation of wingbeat frequencies in a resonant spring-wing system is potentially costly because muscles must work against the elastic flight system. Nonetheless, rapid frequency and amplitude modulation may be a useful control modality. The hawkmoth

Indexed as

Flight, AnimalManducaAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaInsectaModels, BiologicalWings, Animalflightfrequency modulationManducaperturbationresonance

Identifiers

PMID34034520
PMCPMC8150018

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.