ReviewThe American journal of pathology2021
COVID-19 Vasculopathy: Mounting Evidence for an Indirect Mechanism of Endothelial Injury.
Review in The American journal of pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 Vasculitis and vasculopathy-Distinct immunopathology emerging from the close juxtaposition of Type II Pneumocytes and Pulmonary Endothelial Cells.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Pooled it
- Elevated risk of first-time pulmonary hypertension among COVID-19 survivors: a 4.5-year longitudinal study.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Cerebral arteriopathy and its role in persistent post-COVID headache and brain fog: a quantitative study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Coronary thrombosis without underlying atherosclerotic plaque in patients with Omicron variant of coronavirus disease 2019: a case series.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Diabetes Mellitus and In-Hospital Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Center Eastern European Cohort Study (2020-2024).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- The post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae: manifestations, mechanisms and treatment strategies.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- IL-33 is associated with alveolar dysfunction in patients with viral lower respiratory tract disease.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Impact of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index on In-hospital Thrombosis and Mortality in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- A guide to studying 3D genome structure and dynamics in the kidney.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Coronary Implications of COVID-19.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2025Review
- Remodeling of intracellular architecture during SARS-CoV-2 infection of human endothelium.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Decreased Protein C Pathway Activity in COVID-19 Compared to Non-COVID Sepsis: An Observational and Comparative Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Vascular Alterations Following COVID-19 Infection: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- COVID-19 plasma induces subcellular remodelling within the pulmonary microvascular endothelium.Vascular pharmacology · 2024Article
- COVID-19 shed light on Virchow's law of thrombosis.Autopsy & case reports · 2024Article
- Geroscience and pathology: a new frontier in understanding age-related diseases.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2024Review
- COVID-19-associated encephalopathy: connection between neuroinflammation and microbiota-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Sialylated Glycan Bindings from SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein to Blood and Endothelial Cells Govern the Severe Morbidities of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Vascular Contribution to Lung Repair and Fibrosis.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2023Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who are critically ill develop vascular complications characterized by thrombosis of small, medium, and large vessels. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the COVID-19 vasculopathy. Although initial reports suggested that endothelial injury was caused directly by the virus, recent studies indicate that endothelial cells do not express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the receptor that SARS-CoV-2 uses to gain entry into cells, or express it at low levels and are resistant to the infection. These new findings, together with the observation that COVID-19 triggers a cytokine storm capable of injuring the endothelium and disrupting its antithrombogenic properties, favor an indirect mechanism of endothelial injury mediated locally by an augmented inflammatory reaction to infected nonendothelial cells, such as the bronchial and alveolar epithelium, and systemically by the excessive immune response to infection. Herein we review the vascular pathology of COVID-19 and critically discuss the potential mechanisms of endothelial injury in this disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.