ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2021
Outcomes associated with the use of medications for opioid use disorder during pregnancy.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- The comparative effects of prenatal exposure to methadone versus buprenorphine for opioid use disorder on neonatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Barriers to opioid replacement therapy in pregnant women with opioid use disorder: a systematic review.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Pooled it
- Factors Associated With Opioid-Involved Overdose: Descriptive Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Extended-Release Buprenorphine for Perinatal Opioid Use Disorder.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Trial
- Patient navigation for pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder: Results of a randomized multi-site pilot trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Trial
- Duration of Medication Use for Opioid Use Disorder and Risk of Postpartum Overdose and Death.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Discretionary Child Protective Services Reporting for Infants With Prenatal Opioid Exposure.Pediatrics · 2026Article
- Effects of prenatal methadone and buprenorphine exposure on motivated responding for sucrose and gene expression in adult male and female rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2026Article
- Retention in opioid agonist treatment during pregnancy and variations according to treatment and maternal characteristics.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Trajectories of Medication Utilization for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy and Associated Maternal Outcomes.O&G open · 2026Article
- Association of Polysubstance Exposure and Neonatal Weight Loss Among Infants Exposed to Opioids.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2026Article
- Maternal opioid use and hepatitis C infection disrupt the placental immune landscape and structure.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Treatment of opioid use disorder in pregnancy among individuals with and without co-occurring stimulant use disorder: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Examining buprenorphine compared to methadone for likelihood of overdose during pregnancy, 2014-2021.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to buprenorphine or methadone and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes: population based cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Article
- Association between medication for opioid use disorder during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Maternal opioid use disorder and hepatitis C infection in pregnancy reshape the peripheral immune landscape at term.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Impact of policies on pregnant individuals using drugs: A narrative synthesis review of treatment, health care access, and outcomes.Stigma and health · 2026Article
- Postpartum retention in opioid agonist treatment for opioid dependence: A population-based cohort study.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Maternal Opioid-related Diagnosis in Pregnancy and Risk of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes.Journal of addiction medicine · 2025Article
- Hospital Care for Pregnant Persons With OUD Review.American journal of medicine open · 2025Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo test the effect of the duration of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) use during pregnancy on maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes.
designRetrospective cohort analysis of claims, encounter and pharmacy data.
settingPennsylvania, USA.
participantsWe analyzed 13 320 pregnancies among 10 741 women with opioid use disorder aged 15-44 years enrolled in Pennsylvania Medicaid between 2009 and 2017. MEASUREMENTS: We examined five outcomes during pregnancy and for 12 weeks postpartum: (1) overdose, (2) postpartum MOUD continuation, (3) preterm birth (< 37 weeks gestation), (4) term low birth weight (< 2500 g at ≥ 37 weeks) and (5) neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Our primary exposure was the duration (count of weeks) of any MOUD use, including methadone or buprenorphine, during pregnancy.
findingsAmong 13 320 pregnancies, 306 (2.3%) were complicated by an overdose, 1753 (13.2%) resulted in a preterm birth and 6787 (50.9%) continued MOUD postpartum. Among infants, 874 (7.6%) were low birth weight at term and 7706 (57.9%) were diagnosed with NAS. As the duration of MOUD use increased, we found a statistically significant decrease in the rate of overdose and preterm birth, a statistically significant increase in the rate of postpartum MOUD continuation and NAS and a decline in term low birth weight. Specifically, for each additional week of MOUD, the adjusted odds of overdose decreased by 2% [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.97, 0.99], preterm birth decreased by 1% (aOR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.99, 1.00), postpartum MOUD continuation increased by 95% (aOR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.87, 2.04) and NAS increased by 41% (aOR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.35, 1.47). The odds of term low birth weight did not change (aOR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.99, 1.00), although the rate declined with a longer duration of MOUD use during pregnancy.
conclusionsLonger duration of medication for opioid use disorder use during pregnancy appears to be associated with improved maternal and perinatal outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.