Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34032931›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2021

Reliability of measurements of a reflection coefficient index to indicate spinal bone strength on adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): a pilot study.

Mahdieh Khodaei, Tehzeeb Sayed, Doug Hill, Eric Parent, Marc Moreau, Kyle Stampe, Sarah Southon, Lawrence H Le, Edmond Lou

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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mahdieh KhodaeiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada.
Tehzeeb SayedDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada.
Doug HillAlberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, T5G 0B7, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3276-6102
Eric ParentDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3835-0607
Marc MoreauDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada.
Kyle StampeDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada.
Sarah SouthonAlberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, T5G 0B7, Canada.
Lawrence H LeDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada.
Edmond LouDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Donadeo ICE 5-261, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9 , Canada. elou@ualberta.ca.ORCID 0000-0002-7531-8377

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the test-retest, intra- and inter-rater reliabilities of an ultrasound (US) reflection coefficient (RC) index measured in a lumbar vertebra to reflect bone strength on children with AIS.

methodsFifty-eight participants (47F; 11M) were scanned by an US imager in standing position. Twenty-four were scanned twice for a test-retest study. The RC index measures the US signal reflected from L5 to indicate bone strength. Five measurements were obtained using three different methods: (i) the maximum RC (MRC) values on the left and right sides, (ii) the average RC (ARC) values on left and right sides, and (iii) the combined average RC (CARC) from both sides. Only rater 1 measured the 24 repeated US scans once. Raters 1 and 2 measured the RC index twice on all 58 images in 1 week apart. The intraclass correlation coefficient ICC [3, 1] for test-retest and ICC [2, 1] for intra- and inter-rater reliabilities as well as the standard error of measurements (SEM) were reported.

resultsThe means of scan 1 versus scan 2 were 0.16 ± 0.08 versus 0.16 ± 0.07 for left-MRC, 0.17 ± 0.11 versus 0.18 ± 0.11 for right-MRC, 0.08 ± 0.04 versus 0.09 ± 0.04 for left-ARC, 0.09 ± 0.04 versus 0.09 ± 0.05 for right-ARC and 0.08 ± 0.04 versus 0.09 ± 0.03 for CARC and all ICC[3, 1] ≥ 0.77. Among these 5 approaches, the CARC provided the best intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities with ICC [2, 1] ≥ 0.84 and SEM ≤ 0.01.

conclusionsThe RC index could be measured repeatably and reliably. The high RC value may reduce the risk of progression of scoliosis.

Indexed as

ScoliosisAdolescentChildHumansLumbar VertebraeObserver VariationPilot ProjectsReproducibility of ResultsBone qualityReflection coefficient (RC)ReliabilityScoliosisUltrasound imaging

Identifiers

PMID34032931

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.