Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34032524›Full record

ArticleAnnals of medicine2021

M2 subtype tumor associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) infiltration predicts poor response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment for prostate cancer.

Zhou JiaWei, Dou ChunXia, Liu CunDong, Liu Yang, Yang JianKun, Duan HaiFeng, Yang Cheng, Huang ZhiPeng, Wang HongYi, Liao DeYing and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Zhou JiaWeiDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Dou ChunXiaCollege of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Liu CunDongDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Liu YangDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yang JianKunDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Duan HaiFengDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Yang ChengDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Huang ZhiPengDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Wang HongYiDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Liao DeYingDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Liang ZhiJianDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xie XiaoDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhou QiZhaoDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xue KangYiDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Guo WenBingDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xia MingDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhou JunHaoDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Bao JiMingDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Zhao ShanChaoDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Chen MingKunDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University · CNSouthern Medical University · CNUniversity of Jinan · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is poor response to the immunotherapy for its high heterogeneity of immune microenvironment. In this study, we aim to introduce a new immune subtype for PCa involving M2 tumour associated macrophages

methodsThree hundred and sixty-two PCa patients and matched normal prostate tissues were selected from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Patients' immune infiltration characters were then analyzed based on the gene expressions. The immune subtypes were identified by the method of unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Finally, the relationship between the M2-TAMs infiltration and anti-programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) therapy was investigated in the IMvigor210 cohort.

resultsPCa expressed lower immune-related genes levels compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Based on the proved immunosuppressive mechanisms in PCa, tumour patients were classified into three independent subclasses with high infiltrated cytolytic activity (CYT), M2-TAMs and regulatory T cell (Tregs), respectively. Among these subtypes, M2-TAMs infiltration subtype showed the worst clinicopathological features and prognosis compared with the other two subtypes. The results of the IMvigor210 cohort demonstrated poor response of anti-PD-L1 therapy for patients with high M2-TAMs infiltration.

conclusionProstate tumours involved in significant immunosuppression, and high infiltration of M2-TAMs can be applied to predict the effect of anti-PD-L1 therapy.Key MessagesPCa patients can be classified into three immunotypes of high infiltrated CYT, M2-TAMS, and Tregs according to the immunosuppressive mechanisms.High M2-TAMs infiltration subtype reflected the worst clinical characters, immune infiltration, and lowest expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors among the three subclasses in PCa.High M2-TAMs infiltration predicts the low response rate of anti-PD-L1 therapy.

Indexed as

Prostatic NeoplasmsTumor-Associated MacrophagesHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyMaleTumor MicroenvironmentImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsanti-PD-L1immune subtypeM2-TAMsProstate cancertumour microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID34032524
PMCPMC8158194
OpenAlexW3165327772

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.