Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34032159›Full record

ReviewJournal of primary care & community health

A Review of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Immunizations for Elderly Adults.

Oluchi Elekwachi, La'Marcus T Wingate, Veronica Clarke Tasker, Lorraine Aboagye, Tadesse Dubale, Dagmawit Betru, Razan Algatan

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Oluchi ElekwachiUS FDA, Silver Spring, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5931-9065
La'Marcus T WingateHoward University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4312-4532
Veronica Clarke TaskerHoward University College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
Lorraine AboagyeHoward University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA.
Tadesse DubaleHoward University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA.
Dagmawit BetruHoward University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA.
Razan AlgatanHoward University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA.
Howard University · USUnited States Food and Drug Administration · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccine preventable diseases are responsible for a substantial degree of morbidity in the United States as over 18 million annual cases of vaccine preventable disease occur in the U.S. annually. The morbidity due to vaccine preventable disease is disproportionately borne by adults as over 99% of the deaths due to vaccine preventable diseases occur within adults, and national data indicates that there racial disparities in the receipt of vaccines intended for elderly adults. A literature review was conducted by using the PubMed database to identify research articles that contained information on the vaccination rates among minority populations for selected vaccines intended for use in elderly populations including those for herpes zoster, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B. A total of 22 articles were identified, 8 of which focused on tetanus related vaccines, 2 of which focused on hepatitis related vaccines, and 12 of which focused on herpes zoster. The findings indicate that magnitude of the disparity for the receipt of tetanus and herpes related vaccines is not decreasing over time. Elderly patients having a low awareness of vaccines and suboptimal knowledge for when or if they should receive specific vaccines remains a key contributor to suboptimal vaccination rates. There is an urgent need for more intervention-based studies to enhance the uptake of vaccines within elderly populations, particularly among ethnic minorities where culturally sensitive and tailored messages may be of use.

Indexed as

Hepatitis AVaccinesAdultAgedEthnicityHumansRacial GroupsUnited StatesVaccinationVaccinesaccess to carecommunity healthefficiencyfocus groupsgeriatricshealth literacyhealth promotionpharmacy

Identifiers

PMID34032159
PMCPMC8155785
OpenAlexW3165880091

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.