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ArticleEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2021

COVID-19 in trauma: a propensity-matched analysis of COVID and non-COVID trauma patients.

Eric O Yeates, Areg Grigorian, Morgan Schellenberg, Natthida Owattanapanich, Galinos Barmparas, Daniel Margulies, Catherine Juillard, Kent Garber, Henry Cryer, Areti Tillou and 20 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.

Eric O YeatesDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Areg GrigorianDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Morgan SchellenbergDepartment of Surgery, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Natthida OwattanapanichDepartment of Surgery, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Galinos BarmparasDepartment of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Daniel MarguliesDepartment of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Catherine JuillardDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Kent GarberDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Henry CryerDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Areti TillouDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sigrid BurrussDepartment of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Ryan Arthur FiguerasDepartment of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Georgi MladenovDepartment of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Megan BrennerDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Riverside/Riverside University Health System, Moreno Valley, CA, USA.
Christopher FirekComparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center (CECORC), Riverside University Health System, Moreno Valley, CA, USA.
Todd CostantiniDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA.
Jarrett SantorelliDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA.
Terry CurryDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA.
Diane WintzDepartment of Surgery, Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
Walter L BifflTrauma Department, Scripps Memorial Hospital La Jolla, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Kathryn B SchafferTrauma Department, Scripps Memorial Hospital La Jolla, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Thomas K DuncanDepartment of Surgery, Ventura County Medical Center, Ventura, CA, USA.
Casey BarbaroDepartment of Surgery, Ventura County Medical Center, Ventura, CA, USA.
Graal DiazDepartment of Surgery, Ventura County Medical Center, Ventura, CA, USA.
Arianne JohnsonSanta Barbara Cottage Hospital, Cottage Health Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Justine ChinnDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Ariana NaasehDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Amanda LeungDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Christina GrabarDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA.
Jeffry NahmiasDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Irvine (UCI), 333 The City Blvd West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868-3298, USA. jnahmias@hs.uci.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-571X
University of California, Irvine · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USLoma Linda University · USUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of Southern California · USVentura County Medical Center · USCedars-Sinai Medical Center · USScripps Memorial Hospital · USRiverside University Health System - Medical Center · USSanta Barbara Cottage Hospital · USSharp Memorial Hospital · USUniversity of California, Riverside · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThere is mounting evidence that surgical patients with COVID-19 have higher morbidity and mortality than patients without COVID-19. Infection is prevalent amongst the trauma population, but any effect of COVID-19 on trauma patients is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on a trauma population, hypothesizing increased mortality and pulmonary complications for COVID-19-positive (COVID) trauma patients compared to propensity-matched COVID-19-negative (non-COVID) patients.

methodsA retrospective analysis of trauma patients presenting to 11 Level-I and II trauma centers in California between 1/1/2019-6/30/2019 and 1/1/2020-6/30/2020 was performed. A 1:2 propensity score model was used to match COVID to non-COVID trauma patients using age, blunt/penetrating mechanism, injury severity score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Outcomes were compared between the two groups.

resultsA total of 20,448 trauma patients were identified during the study period. 53 COVID trauma patients were matched with 106 non-COVID trauma patients. COVID patients had higher rates of mortality (9.4% vs 1.9%, p = 0.029) and pneumonia (7.5% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.011), as well as a longer mean length of stay (LOS) (7.47 vs 3.28 days, p < 0.001) and intensive care unit LOS (1.40 vs 0.80 days, p = 0.008), compared to non-COVID patients.

conclusionThis multicenter retrospective study found increased rates of mortality and pneumonia, as well as a longer LOS, for COVID trauma patients compared to a propensity-matched cohort of non-COVID patients. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and to elucidate the underlying pathways responsible for higher mortality in COVID trauma patients.

Indexed as

COVID-19HumansInjury Severity ScoreIntensive Care UnitsLength of StayRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Trauma CentersCoronavirusCOVID-19Length of stayMortalityPneumoniaTrauma

Identifiers

PMID34031703
PMCPMC8143988
OpenAlexW3165378700

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.