Observational studyNature communications2021
Predicting optimal deep brain stimulation parameters for Parkinson's disease using functional MRI and machine learning.
Observational study in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03153670 (3T MRI in Patients With Deep Brain Stimulation), which is not on this map. Cited by 152 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
3T MRI in Patients With Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Brain stimulation and VEGF concentrations: meta-analysis, meta-regression, and hierarchical cluster analysis of 200 correlations.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- One Side or Two? A Systematic Review of Deep Brain Stimulation Approaches in Movement Disorders.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025Pooled it
- Houston, We Have AI Problem! Quality Issues with Neuroimaging-Based Artificial Intelligence in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024Pooled it
- Global research trends and hotspots of artificial intelligence research in spinal cord neural injury and restoration-a bibliometrics and visualization analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- A methodological scoping review on EMG processing and synergy-based results in muscle synergy studies in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Pooled it
- Use of Functional MRI in Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Diseases: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Deep Brain Stimulation of the Habenula: Systematic Review of the Literature and Clinical Trial Registries.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Causal connectivity maps derived from single-pulse interleaved TMS/fMRI.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Deep brain stimulation mechanisms in comorbid pain and emotional dysregulation from animal models.iScience · 2026Review
- PLXDC2 siRNA-Mediated Intervention Attenuates Microglial Senescence Through cGAS-STING Signaling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Burst deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease: A systematic review of efficacy and safety.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Circuit response to neuromodulation characterized with simultaneous deep brain stimulation and precision neuroimaging in humans.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- DBS: from neuromodulation to neuroremodelling.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Computational Insights Into Smart Bioelectronics in Digital Health Care (2020-2024): Topic Modeling Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Review
- Clinical translation and landscape of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines and microscale therapeutics.Chemical Society reviews · 2026Review
- Brain-Computer Interfaces: The Dawn of a New Era in Disease Treatment.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Predict neuromuscular performance in human epidural electrical stimulation: phase 1 trial interim results.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Monosynaptic connections link functionally similar regions in human cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Technical considerations of functional MRI in deep brain stimulation: recent advances and future perspectives.NeuroImage · 2026Review
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Commonly used for Parkinson's disease (PD), deep brain stimulation (DBS) produces marked clinical benefits when optimized. However, assessing the large number of possible stimulation settings (i.e., programming) requires numerous clinic visits. Here, we examine whether functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to predict optimal stimulation settings for individual patients. We analyze 3 T fMRI data prospectively acquired as part of an observational trial in 67 PD patients using optimal and non-optimal stimulation settings. Clinically optimal stimulation produces a characteristic fMRI brain response pattern marked by preferential engagement of the motor circuit. Then, we build a machine learning model predicting optimal vs. non-optimal settings using the fMRI patterns of 39 PD patients with a priori clinically optimized DBS (88% accuracy). The model predicts optimal stimulation settings in unseen datasets: a priori clinically optimized and stimulation-naïve PD patients. We propose that fMRI brain responses to DBS stimulation in PD patients could represent an objective biomarker of clinical response. Upon further validation with additional studies, these findings may open the door to functional imaging-assisted DBS programming.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.