Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34031405›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Ecology and molecular targets of hypermutation in the global microbiome.

Simon Roux, Blair G Paul, Sarah C Bagby, Stephen Nayfach, Michelle A Allen, Graeme Attwood, Ricardo Cavicchioli, Ludmila Chistoserdova, Robert J Gruninger, Steven J Hallam and 9 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Human gut strains ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025
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  15. Identification and characterization ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025
    Article
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  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 14 institutions in 5 countries.

Simon RouxDOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. sroux@lbl.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-5895
Blair G PaulMarine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-5568
Sarah C BagbyDepartment of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1795-3161
Stephen NayfachDOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4164
Michelle A AllenThe University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Graeme AttwoodAgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Ricardo CavicchioliThe University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-6402
Ludmila ChistoserdovaUniversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Robert J GruningerLethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
Steven J HallamDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4889-6876
Maria E HernandezInstituto de Ecología A.C. Red de Manejo Biotechnológico de Recursos. Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
Matthias HessUniversity of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0321-0380
Wen-Tso LiuUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Tim A McAllisterLethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-6513
Michelle A O'MalleyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6065-8491
Xuefeng PengMarine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Virginia I RichOhio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0558-102X
Scott R SaleskaUniversity of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Emiley A Eloe-FadroshDOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. eaeloefadrosh@lbl.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-1276
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · USAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada · CAUniversity of California, Santa Barbara · USUNSW Sydney · AUAgResearch · NZCase Western Reserve University · USInstituto de Ecología · MXMarine Biological Laboratory · USThe Ohio State University · USUniversity of Arizona · USUniversity of British Columbia · CAUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Changes in the sequence of an organism's genome, i.e., mutations, are the raw material of evolution. The frequency and location of mutations can be constrained by specific molecular mechanisms, such as diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs). DGRs have been characterized from cultivated bacteria and bacteriophages, and perform error-prone reverse transcription leading to mutations being introduced in specific target genes. DGR loci were also identified in several metagenomes, but the ecological roles and evolutionary drivers of these DGRs remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze a dataset of >30,000 DGRs from public metagenomes, establish six major lineages of DGRs including three primarily encoded by phages and seemingly used to diversify host attachment proteins, and demonstrate that DGRs are broadly active and responsible for >10% of all amino acid changes in some organisms. Overall, these results highlight the constraints under which DGRs evolve, and elucidate several distinct roles these elements play in natural communities.

Indexed as

EcologyEvolution, MolecularMutationBacteriaBacteriophagesBiodiversityEcosystemEnvironmental MicrobiologyGenetic VariationMetagenomeMicrobiotaPhylogenyRetroelementsRetroelements

Identifiers

PMID34031405
PMCPMC8144416
OpenAlexW3165563222

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.