ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
Wolves make roadways safer, generating large economic returns to predator conservation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A global assessment of large terrestrial carnivore kill rates.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025Pooled it
- Reactions of roe deer to human disturbances and wolf predation in a Polish forest.Current zoology · 2026Article
- Mammal Community Responses to Increasing Puma Activity in a Suburban Preserve.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Reintroduction of Captive Tigers: Challenges & Concerns.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Article
- Elusive effects of legalized wolf hunting on human-wolf interactions.Science advances · 2025Article
- Automated detection of wolf howls using audio spectrogram transformers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interspecific carnivore competition and ungulate predation correlate with predator species richness.Ecology · 2025Article
- Interconnected environmental ethics: navigating human, animal, and planetary health in the climate crisis.Global bioethics = Problemi di bioetica · 2025Article
- Estimating the impact of airport wildlife hazards management on realized wildlife strike risk.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mammal responses to global changes in human activity vary by trophic group and landscape.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Article
- The unequal burden of human-wildlife conflict.Communications biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies uncover cascading ecological effects resulting from removing and reintroducing predators into a landscape, but little is known about effects on human lives and property. We quantify the effects of restoring wolf populations by evaluating their influence on deer-vehicle collisions (DVCs) in Wisconsin. We show that, for the average county, wolf entry reduced DVCs by 24%, yielding an economic benefit that is 63 times greater than the costs of verified wolf predation on livestock. Most of the reduction is due to a behavioral response of deer to wolves rather than through a deer population decline from wolf predation. This finding supports ecological research emphasizing the role of predators in creating a "landscape of fear." It suggests wolves control economic damages from overabundant deer in ways that human deer hunters cannot.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.