ArticleDiabetes2021
Peripheral Insulin Regulates a Broad Network of Gene Expression in Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, and Nucleus Accumbens.
Article in Diabetes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Prenatal metabolic adversity reprograms insulin-responsive transcription in the developing nucleus accumbens.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Metabolic crosstalk in the ageing brain: astrocyte-neuron coupling as a target for homeostatic restoration and therapy.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Dopamine enhances surface glial glycolysis via acetylcholine and insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in the honeybee.iScience · 2026Article
- Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine Succinate Limits Inflammatory-Degenerative Changes in the Hypothalamus and Corrects Disturbances in the Circadian Rhythm of Corticosterone Secretion in Aged Rats.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
- Excitation-inhibition homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease: a selective multiscale review of mechanisms, sex differences, and therapeutic opportunities.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Loss of insulin signaling in microglia impairs cellular uptake of Aβ and neuroinflammatory response exacerbating AD-like neuropathology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- IGF1 Signaling Regulates Neuropeptide Expression in Hypothalamic Neurons Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Neuroeconomically dissociable forms of mental accounting are altered in a mouse model of diabetes.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Advancements in Immunity and Dementia Research: Highlights from the 2023 AAIC Advancements: Immunity Conference.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Genome-wide Pleiotropy Analysis Reveals Shared Genetic Associations between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Subcortical Brain Volumes.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- PTPRJ is a negative regulator of insulin signaling in neuronal cells, impacting protein biosynthesis, and neurite outgrowth.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- mTOR inhibition enhances synaptic and mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease in an APOE genotype-dependent manner.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Schisandrin A Alleviates Spatial Learning and Memory Impairment in Diabetic Rats by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response and Through Modulation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Changes of Signaling Pathways in Hypothalamic Neurons with Aging.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- AAV5-mediated manipulation of insulin expression in choroid plexus has long-term metabolic and behavioral consequences.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Reduced endothelial caveolin-1 underlies deficits in brain insulin signalling in type 2 diabetes.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Loss of insulin signaling in astrocytes exacerbates Alzheimer-like phenotypes in a 5xFAD mouse model.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Leucine-973 is a crucial residue differentiating insulin and IGF-1 receptor signaling.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Insulin action in the brain: cell types, circuits, and diseases.Trends in neurosciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The brain is now recognized as an insulin-sensitive tissue; however, the role of changing insulin concentrations in the peripheral circulation in gene expression in the brain is largely unknown. Here, we performed a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp on 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mice for 3 h. We show that, in comparison with results in saline-infused controls, increases in peripheral insulin within the physiological range regulate expression of a broad network of genes in the brain. Insulin regulates distinct pathways in the hypothalamus (HTM), hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens. Insulin shows its most robust effect in the HTM and regulates multiple genes involved in neurotransmission, including upregulating expression of multiple subunits of GABA-A receptors, Na
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.