Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34030924›Full record

ArticleEuropean urology2021

Overall Survival of Men with Metachronous Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated with Enzalutamide and Androgen Deprivation Therapy.

Christopher J Sweeney, Andrew J Martin, Martin R Stockler, Stephen Begbie, Kim N Chi, Simon Chowdhury, Xanthi Coskinas, Mark Frydenberg, Wendy E Hague, Lisa G Horvath and 23 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Metastasis-Free Survival Versus Treatment-Free Survival in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer: The EMBARK Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. The Past, Present, and Future of Treatment Intensification for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023
    Article
  14. Transcriptomic and clinical heterogeneity of metastatic disease timing within metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2023
    Article
  15. Unravelling oligometastatic disease from the perspective of radiation and medical oncology. Part II: prostate cancer and colorectal cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors at 20 institutions in 6 countries.

Christopher J SweeneyDana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: christopher_sweeney@dfci.harvard.edu.
Andrew J MartinNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Martin R StocklerNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, Australia; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse RPA, Sydney, Australia.
Stephen BegbiePort Macquarie Base Hospital, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia; Mid North Coast Cancer Institute Port Macquarie, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia.
Kim N ChiBC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Simon ChowdhuryGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust Biomedical Research Centre, CRUK and King's College London, UK; Sarah Cannon Research UK, London, UK.
Xanthi CoskinasNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Mark FrydenbergMonash University, Melbourne, Australia; Australian Urology Associates, Melbourne, Australia.
Wendy E HagueNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Lisa G HorvathChris O'Brien Lifehouse RPA, Sydney, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Anthony M JoshuaKinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincents Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
Nicola J LawrenceAuckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
Gavin M MarxUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, Australia.
John McCaffreyCancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Ray McDermottCancer Trials Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Ireland.
Margaret McJannettANZUP Cancer Trials Group, Australia.
Scott A NorthCross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada; University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Francis ParnisAdelaide Cancer Centre, Adelaide, Australia; University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Wendy ParulekarCanadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
David W PookMonash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia.
M Neil ReaumeUniversity of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Shahneen K SandhuPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Alvin TanWaikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Thean Hsiang TanRoyal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
Alastair ThomsonRoyal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK.
Emily TuNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Francisco Vera-BadilloKingston Health Sciences Center, Kingston, ON, Canada; Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Scott G WilliamsPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Sonia YipNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Alison Y ZhangNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse RPA, Sydney, Australia; Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Robert R ZielinskiOrange Health Service, Central West Cancer Care Centre, Orange, Australia; Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
Ian D DavisMonash University, Melbourne, Australia; Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia.
ENZAMET Trial Investigators and the Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP)
National Health and Medical Research Council · AUThe University of Sydney · AUAuckland City Hospital · NZAustralian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group · AUCancer Trials Ireland · IEChris O’Brien Lifehouse · AUConcord Repatriation General Hospital · AUEastern Health · AUGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust · GBHarvard University · USMater Misericordiae University Hospital · IEMonash Health · AUMonash University · AUPort Macquarie Base Hospital · AUQueen's University · CARoyal Adelaide Hospital · AURoyal Cornwall Hospital · GBSt Vincent's Hospital Sydney · AUThe University of Adelaide · AUUniversity of Alberta · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Men who initially present with localized prostate cancer and later develop metachronous metastases have a better prognosis than men with de novo metastatic disease and often have a low burden of disease on conventional imaging. Some have disease amenable to metastasis-directed therapy for lymph node or bone metastases, a strategy used by some because no documented overall survival (OS) benefit of combination systemic therapy in this setting. We report data for patients prospectively classified as "M0" at initial diagnosis from the interim analysis of the ENZAMET trial, with 34 mo of median follow-up for survivors. A total of 312 (28%) of the 1125 enrolled patients were classified as M0 at diagnosis, and 205 (66%) of the 312 patients had low-volume disease at study entry as per the CHAARTED criteria. The hazard ratio for OS, that is, HR(OS), was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29-1.06) with the addition of enzalutamide for all patients with metachronous metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, and for the low-volume subset the HR(OS) was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.16-0.97). The 3-yr OS was 83% without and 89% with enzalutamide for all patients with metachronous metastases, and 83% and 92%, respectively, for the low-volume subset. Intensification of hormonal therapy should strongly be considered for these men. PATIENT SUMMARY: Many men present with prostate cancer that has spread to distant sites beyond the prostate gland years after their initial diagnosis and treatment, while others have distant spread at the time the cancer is diagnosed. On average, men whose cancer comes back years after the initial diagnosis often survive much longer than men whose cancer has been found to spread to distant sites when it is first diagnosed. In this report, we demonstrate strong evidence for the first time that the survival of men whose cancer comes back years later is improved when drugs such as enzalutamide or apalutamide are added to testosterone suppression in this setting.

Indexed as

Androgen AntagonistsAntineoplastic AgentsBenzamidesNeoplasms, Second PrimaryNitrilesPhenylthiohydantoinProstatic NeoplasmsThiohydantoinsClinical Trials as TopicHumansMaleProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantSurvival AnalysisAndrogen AntagonistsAntineoplastic AgentsapalutamideBenzamidesenzalutamideNitrilesPhenylthiohydantoinThiohydantoinsEnzalutamideLow volumeMetachronousMetastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer

Identifiers

PMID34030924
OpenAlexW3164510972

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.