ArticleParasites & vectors2021
Prevalence and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis in patients with Clostridium difficile infection, Singapore.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transient colonization with Blastocystis spp. after transmission via fecal microbiota transplantation.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Trial
- Assessment of three major intestinal protozoan infections in Kermanshah, Iran: a pre- and post-COVID-19 study.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Assessing Zoonotic Risks ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Decoding Blastocystis-Driven Mechanisms in Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Integrated Omics Reveal the Pathogenic Potential ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
- Gastrointestinal Pathogens in Multi-Infected Individuals: A Cluster Analysis of Interaction.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Genomic Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles ofInfection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Infection with pathogenic Blastocystis ST7 is associated with decreased bacterial diversity and altered gut microbiome profiles in diarrheal patients.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- An Association Between Blastocystis Subtypes and Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Significant Different Profile from Non-cancer Individuals.Acta parasitologica · 2022Article
- Interactions between Blastocystis subtype ST4 and gut microbiota in vitro.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlastocystis is a common anaerobic colonic protist in humans with controversial pathogenicity. Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is the commonest cause of infectious diarrhea in healthcare settings. The prevalence and subtype (ST) characteristics of Blastocystis in patients with C. difficile infection (CDI) are rarely documented. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and subtype characteristics of Blastocystis in patients with suspicion of CDI in Singapore.
methodsFecal samples were collected from 248 patients presenting with suspected CDI from a single tertiary hospital in Singapore. C. difficile was diagnosed through positive glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) with or without toxin A/B using enzyme immunoassay methods. The prevalence and subtype genetic characteristics of Blastocystis were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and analysis of the barcode region of the SSU rRNA gene.
resultsThe proportion of C. difficile in patients with healthcare-associated diarrhea in this study was 44% (109/248). Among the 109 C. difficile-positive patients, 59 (54.1%, 59/109) tested positive for toxigenic C. difficile, which was considered CDI. Based on the sequence analyses of the barcode region of the SSU rRNA gene, 10.1% (25/248) of the patients were found to be Blastocystis-positive, and three subtypes were identified: ST7 (64%, 16/25), ST1 (20%, 5/25), and ST3 (16%, 4/25). Remarkably, we found five patients with Blastocystis and C. difficile coinfection, and further subtype analysis showed two with ST7, two with ST1, and one with ST3.
conclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the subtype distributions of Blastocystis in patients with CDI in Singapore. We found ST7 to be the predominant subtype in diarrheal patients. The pathogenicity of ST7 has been strongly suggested in previous in vitro and mouse model experiments, further confirming its potential pathogenicity to humans.
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