Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34030661›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2021

Transcriptome and metabolite profiling analyses provide insight into volatile compounds of the apple cultivar 'Ruixue' and its parents during fruit development.

Xiaojie Liu, Nini Hao, Ruifang Feng, Zhipeng Meng, Yanan Li, Zhengyang Zhao

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Molecular Networking from Volatilome ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaojie LiuCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Nini HaoCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ruifang FengCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Zhipeng MengCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Yanan LiCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Zhengyang ZhaoCollege of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. zhaozy@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
Northwest A&F University · CN

Funding

the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System, China CARS-27the Northwest A&F University of Science and Technology 2014 YB 086the Special Project for Building Industrial Technology System of National Modern Agriculture (Apple) CARS-28
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAroma is one the most crucial inherent quality attributes of fruit. 'Ruixue' apples were selected from a cross between 'Pink Lady' and 'Fuji', a later ripening yellow new cultivar. However, there is little known about the content and composition of aroma compounds in 'Ruixue' apples or the genetic characters of 'Ruixue' and its parents. In addition, the metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of aroma volatiles and aroma-related genes remain poorly understood.

resultsVolatile aroma compounds were putatively identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Our results show that the profile of volatile compounds changes with ripening. Aldehydes were the dominant volatile compounds in early fruit development, with alcohols and esters increasing dramatically during maturation. On the basis of a heatmap dendrogram, these aroma compounds clustered into seven groups. In ripe fruit, esters and terpenoids were the main aroma volatiles in ripening fruit of 'Pink Lady' and 'Fuji' apples, and they included butyl 2-methylbutanoate; propanoic acid, hexyl ester; propanoic acid, hexyl ester; hexanoic acid, hexyl ester; acetic acid, hexyl ester and (Z, E)-α-farnesene. Interestingly, aldehydes and terpenoids were the dominant volatile aroma compounds in ripening fruit of 'Ruixue', and they mainly included hexanal; 2-hexenal; octanal; (E)-2-octenal; nonanal and (Z, E)-α-farnesene. By comparing the transcriptome profiles of 'Ruixue' and its parents fruits during development, we identified a large number of aroma-related genes related to the fatty acid, isoleucine and sesquiterpenoid metabolism pathways and transcription factors that may volatile regulate biosynthesis.

conclusionsOur initial study facilitates a better understanding of the volatile compounds that affect fruit flavour as well as the mechanisms underlying differences in flavour between 'Ruixue' and its parents.

Indexed as

OdorantsChinaFruitGene Expression ProfilingGenetic VariationGenotypeMalusVolatile Organic CompoundsVolatile Organic CompoundsFruit flavourGas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS)Gene expression‘Ruixue’ (Malus × domestica Borkh.)Volatile aroma compounds

Identifiers

PMID34030661
PMCPMC8147058
OpenAlexW3120281765

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.