Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34030629›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2021

A new mouse SNP genotyping assay for speed congenics: combining flexibility, affordability, and power.

Kimberly R Andrews, Samuel S Hunter, Brandi K Torrevillas, Nora Céspedes, Sarah M Garrison, Jessica Strickland, Delaney Wagers, Gretchen Hansten, Daniel D New, Matthew W Fagnan and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Genetic and Molecular Quality Control of Genetically Engineered Mice.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kimberly R AndrewsInstitute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA. kimberlya@uidaho.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4721-1924
Samuel S HunterInstitute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Brandi K TorrevillasDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Nora CéspedesDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Sarah M GarrisonDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Jessica StricklandDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Delaney WagersDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Gretchen HanstenDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Daniel D NewInstitute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Matthew W FagnanInstitute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST), University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Shirley LuckhartDepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA. sluckhart@uidaho.edu.
University of Idaho · US

Funding

Genomics Resources Core (GRC)P30GM103324 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO · PI FORNEY, LARRY J · 2013 to 2017
$5.0M
Malaria and allergic inflammatory changes to the gut barrierR01AI131609 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO · PI LUCKHART, SHIRLEY · 2018 to 2021
$1.9M
National Science Foundation P30GM103324NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI131609NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM103324NIH HHS AI131609
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSpeed congenics is an important tool for creating congenic mice to investigate gene functions, but current SNP genotyping methods for speed congenics are expensive. These methods usually rely on chip or array technologies, and a different assay must be developed for each backcross strain combination. "Next generation" high throughput DNA sequencing technologies have the potential to decrease cost and increase flexibility and power of speed congenics, but thus far have not been utilized for this purpose.

resultsWe took advantage of the power of high throughput sequencing technologies to develop a cost-effective, high-density SNP genotyping assay that can be used across many combinations of backcross strains. The assay surveys 1640 genome-wide SNPs known to be polymorphic across > 100 mouse strains, with an expected average of 549 ± 136 SD diagnostic SNPs between each pair of strains. We demonstrated that the assay has a high density of diagnostic SNPs for backcrossing the BALB/c strain into the C57BL/6J strain (807-819 SNPs), and a sufficient density of diagnostic SNPs for backcrossing the closely related substrains C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J (123-139 SNPs). Furthermore, the assay can easily be modified to include additional diagnostic SNPs for backcrossing other closely related substrains. We also developed a bioinformatic pipeline for SNP genotyping and calculating the percentage of alleles that match the backcross recipient strain for each sample; this information can be used to guide the selection of individuals for the next backcross, and to assess whether individuals have become congenic. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the assay and bioinformatic pipeline with a backcross experiment of BALB/c-IL4/IL13 into C57BL/6J; after six generations of backcrosses, offspring were up to 99.8% congenic.

conclusionsThe SNP genotyping assay and bioinformatic pipeline developed here present a valuable tool for increasing the power and decreasing the cost of many studies that depend on speed congenics. The assay is highly flexible and can be used for combinations of strains that are commonly used for speed congenics. The assay could also be used for other techniques including QTL mapping, standard F2 crosses, ancestry analysis, and forensics.

Indexed as

Genotyping TechniquesPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAnimalsCosts and Cost AnalysisGenotypeMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLAllegro targeted genotypingBioinformatic pipelineIlluminaNext generation sequencingSingle primer enrichment technologySpeed congenics

Identifiers

PMID34030629
PMCPMC8142480
OpenAlexW3164115440

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.