ArticlePloS one2021
A cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) extract impairs the growth, virulence properties, and inflammatory potential of Fusobacterium nucleatum and improves oral epithelial barrier function.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crude Plant Extracts and Their Anti-Inflammatory Potential in Oral Inflammatory Cell Models: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Progress on the regulation of colorectal cancer and cardio-oncology by the gut microbiota and nutrients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dencichine attenuates the virulence of Fusobacterium nucleatum by targeting hydrogen sulfide-producing enzyme.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Frankincense (Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Biological Properties and Antimicrobial Potential of Cocoa and Its Effects on Systemic and Oral Health.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Effect of Hesperidin on Barrier Function and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in an Oral Epithelial Cell Model, and on Secretion of Macrophage-Derived Inflammatory Mediators duringInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Protective efficacy of dark chocolate in letrozole-induced ovary toxicity model rats: hormonal, biochemical, and histopathological investigation.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2022Article
- A Phenolic-rich Extract of Cocoa (Frontiers in oral health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with many conditions and diseases, including periodontal diseases that affect tooth-supporting tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a cocoa extract (Theobroma cacao L.) on F. nucleatum with respect to growth, biofilm formation, adherence, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. The anti-inflammatory properties and the effect on epithelial barrier function of the cocoa extract were also assessed. The cocoa extract, whose major phenolic compound is epicatechin, dose-dependently inhibited the growth, biofilm formation, adherence properties (basement membrane matrix, oral epithelial cells), and H2S production of F. nucleatum. It also decreased IL-6 and IL-8 production by F. nucleatum-stimulated oral epithelial cells and inhibited F. nucleatum-induced NF-κB activation in monocytes. Lastly, the cocoa extract enhanced the barrier function of an oral epithelial model by increasing the transepithelial electrical resistance. We provide evidence that the beneficial properties of an epicatechin-rich cocoa extract may be useful for preventing and/or treating periodontal diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.