ArticleThe International journal of eating disorders2021
The diagnosis of avoidant restrictive food intake disorder in the presence of gastrointestinal disorders: Opportunities to define shared mechanisms of symptom expression.
Article in The International journal of eating disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Avoidant-Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Patients With Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- Association between eating disorders and functional gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- What do we know about the epidemiology of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children and adolescents? A systematic review of the literature.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2023Pooled it
- Review
- Prevalence and clinical correlates of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children and adolescents with Celiac disease: a cross-sectional study.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Avoidant-Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Is Common in Adults With Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome and Is Associated With Malnutrition.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Fear, Feeding, and the Gut: Nutrition Support Considerations in Adults with ARFID and Gastrointestinal Symptoms.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Integrating cognitive-behavioral and medical interventions for ARFID in an adolescent: a case report from Turkiye.Journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Role of gut microbiota in the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Health cooking at home: can cooking skills reduce gastrointestinal symptoms, cross sectional study?BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Treatment of Pediatric Obesity: Behavioral Health Considerations.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2025Review
- A Multicenter Study to Assess Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Article
- The Association of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and Neurogastroenterology Disorders (Including Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction [DGBI]): A Scoping Review.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- The risk factors of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a cross-sectional study in Southwestern China.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the UK adult population and perceived effects of foods.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Mental and Somatic Conditions in Children With the Broad Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Phenotype.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Empirical Approaches to the Classification of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.The International journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Adult Patients with Gastrointestinal Diseases: A Concept Analysis Using Evolutionary Approach.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Review
- Perceptual Dysfunction in Eating Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- A living experience proposal for the co-occurring diagnosis of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and other eating disorders.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIndividuals with a gastrointestinal (GI) disorder often alter their diet to manage GI symptoms, adding complexity to understanding the diverse motivations contributing to food avoidance/restriction. When a GI disorder is present, the DSM-5 states that Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) can be diagnosed only when eating disturbance exceeds that expected. There is limited guidance to make this determination. This study attempts to address this gap by characterizing the presentation of ARFID in adults with and without a self-reported GI disorder.
methodParticipants were 2,610 adults ages 18-44 who self-identified as "picky eaters." Participants reported on motivations for food avoidance, affective experiences towards food, and perceived impairment. Responses were compared across four groups: GI issues and likely ARFID (L-ARFID/GI), L-ARFID-only, GI-only, and No-ARFID/No-GI.
resultsGroups with a GI disorder (L-ARFID/GI, GI-only) reported more fear of aversive consequences of eating than those without a GI disorder, while groups with L-ARFID (L-ARFID, L-ARFID/GI) evidenced significantly greater sensory aversion to food and indifference to food or eating, negative emotional reactions to food and overall disgust sensitivity, and eating related impairment. DISCUSSION: Consideration of the interplay of a GI disorder with ARFID can add precision to case conceptualization. Food avoidance may be attempts to manage fears of aversive consequences that are augmented by a history of GI symptoms, while sensory aversions and negative emotional reactions towards foods may be more elevated in ARFID. These findings emphasize the need to consider an ARFID diagnosis in patients with GI disorders to optimize care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.