Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34028624›Full record

ReviewInternational microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology2021

Threats of antibiotic resistance: an obliged reappraisal.

Fernando Baquero

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of CommensalAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  17. CTX-M-ProducingInfection and drug resistance · 2025
    Review
  18. Green Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles fromNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fernando BaqueroDivision of Microbial Biology and Evolution, EcoEvoBioma Lab, Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS) and Network Center for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28034, Madrid, Spain. baquero@bitmailer.net.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-3033
Instituto Cajal · ES

Funding

Comunidad de Madrid CAM-B2017/BMD-3691Horizon 2020 Framework Programme ST131TS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We are living in a society of fear, where the objectivity in estimating risks is distorted by the media and the interested parties. During more than half of a century, the feeling of antibiotic resistance as an apocalyptic phenomenon able to push our society to the high mortality rates caused by infectious diseases in the dark pre-antibiotic ages has been steadily rising. However, at the current status of modern medicine, at least in the high-medium income countries, mortality by lack of efficacy of the antibiotic armamentarium in the therapy of infections is a problem, but not a catastrophe. The threat of antibiotic resistance has many other aspects than failures of therapy in the individual patient. Among them, the increase in the frequency of severe and potentially lethal infections, as bacteremia, the population biology alterations of the healthy microbiota, the global acceleration of bacterial evolution by selecting natural genetic tools mediating microbial interactions, and, most importantly, by modifying the equilibrium and composition of environmental microbial communities. All these threats have huge implications for human health as members of a Biosphere entirely rooted in a menaced microbiosphere.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobiotaBacteriaDrug Resistance, BacterialDrug Resistance, MicrobialHumansAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic resistanceGlobal HealthOne HealthRisk evaluationSociety of fear

Identifiers

PMID34028624
PMCPMC8141826
OpenAlexW3165566442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.