Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34028129›Full record

ReviewReviews in medical virology2022

Oral manifestations of Covid-19-A literature review.

Huma Farid, Madiha Khan, Shizrah Jamal, Robia Ghafoor

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Reviews in medical virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
17.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Oral Manifestations of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Xerostomia after COVID-19 recovery: A preliminary investigation.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026
    Observational
  5. Oral SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk for Long Covid.Reviews in medical virology · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Huma FaridMargalla Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-5086
Madiha KhanAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-842X
Shizrah JamalAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Robia GhafoorAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Aga Khan University Hospital · PKRawalpindi Medical University · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Initially, it was reported that coronavirus 2019 disease (Covid-19) affects respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurological systems, but the oral, olfactory and integumentary systems are also involved. This review discusses various oral manifestations of Covid-19 reported in the literature along with possible underlying mechanisms. The reported manifestations include taste impairment, oral mucosal changes (petechiae, ulcers, plaque-like lesions, reactivation of herpes simplex virus 1(HSV1), geographical tongue and desquamative gingivitis) and dry mouth. The prominent location for mucosal lesions are tongue, palate and labial mucosa. The exact pathogenesis of these oral symptoms is not known. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) cell receptors are expressed in abundance on oral mucosa allowing severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) to infect them. Gustatory impairment along with olfactory changes is now listed as a symptom of Covid-19 by the World Health Organization, but further research is needed to confirm a link between reported additional oral symptoms and Covid-19. Dental professionals may encounter individuals with Covid-19 and be called upon to identify various oral manifestations of this disease.

Indexed as

XerostomiaAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2COVID-19DysgeusiaHumansMouth DiseasesMouth MucosaSARS-CoV-2Taste DisordersACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Covid-19dry mouthgustatory changesmucosal lesionsoral manifestations

Identifiers

PMID34028129
PMCPMC8209937
OpenAlexW3164885249

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.