ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2021
Past-Year Kratom Use in the U.S.: Estimates From a Nationally Representative Sample.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Qualitative content analysis of public responses to an FDA inquiry on the impact of scheduling changes to kratom.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Pooled it
- Association between state-level kratom regulations and poison center-reported severe medical outcomes and healthcare use: A United States national analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Observational
- Kratom Use and Associations With Mental Health in the United States.Journal of addiction medicine · 2026Article
- Transient Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Rhabdomyolysis, Associated With Chronic Kratom Use.Case reports in otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Clinically characterizing adults who use kava or kratom: Substance use disorder assessment challenges for increasingly popular botanical products.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Is bedtime use of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) a sleep aid or disruptor? Examining its daily effects and individual differences.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Kratom Use and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in the United States.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- Synthetic cannabinoid use among noninstitutionalized individuals in the United States, 2021-2023.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Kratom Alkaloids, Cannabinoids, and Chronic Pain: Basis of Potential Utility and Role in Therapy.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) use for self-management of pain: Insights from cross-sectional and ecological momentary assessment data.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- Alkaloid biosynthesis in medicinal crop kratom (Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- An in vitro evaluation on metabolism of mitragynine to 9-O-demethylmitragynine.Chemico-biological interactions · 2024Article
- Demographic and behavioral factors associated with kratom use among U.S. college students.Journal of American college health : J of ACH · 2024Article
- Kratom safety and toxicology in the public health context: research needs to better inform regulation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Kratom as a potential substance use disorder harm reduction agent.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Knowledge of Kratom among Alabama Pharmacists.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Kratom availability in California vape shops.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Cannabinoid mechanisms contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of the kratom alkaloid mitragynine against neuropathic, but not inflammatory pain.Life sciences · 2023Article
- An evaluation of adverse drug reactions and outcomes attributed to kratom in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from January 2004 through September 2021.Clinical and translational science · 2023Article
- Polysubstance use profiles among US adults using Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A latent class analysis using The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).The American journal on addictions · 2023Article
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Abstract
introductionKratom is a plant with partial opioid agonist effects, and its use has become popular to ameliorate symptoms of opioid withdrawal. However, use has been linked to thousands of poisonings, although most have involved use of other drugs. Little is known regarding prevalence and correlates of use in the general U.S. POPULATION:
methodsData were examined from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a nationally representative probability sample of non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥12 years in the U.S. (N=56,136). Prevalence and correlates of past-year kratom use were estimated. Data were analyzed in 2020.
resultsAn estimated 0.7% (95% CI=0.6, 0.8) of individuals in the U.S. have used kratom in the past year. Past-year proxy diagnosis of prescription opioid use disorder was associated with increased odds for kratom use (AOR=3.20, 95% CI=1.38, 7.41), with 10.4% (95% CI=6.7, 15.9) of those with use disorder reporting use. Opioid misuse not accompanied with use disorder was not associated with kratom use. Those reporting past-year cannabis use both with (AOR=4.33, 95% CI=2.61, 7.19) and without (AOR=4.57, 95% CI=3.29, 6.35) use disorder and those reporting past-year cocaine use (AOR=1.69, 95% CI=1.06, 2.69) and prescription stimulant misuse (AOR=2.10, 95% CI=1.44, 3.05) not accompanied with use disorder were at higher odds for kratom use.
conclusionsKratom use is particularly prevalent among those with prescription opioid use disorder, but it is also prevalent among people who use other drugs. Research is needed to determine reasons for use and potential dangers associated with adding kratom to drug repertoires.
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