ArticleJournal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS2022
Translation and Cultural Adaptation of NIH Toolbox Cognitive Tests into Swahili and Dholuo Languages for Use in Children in Western Kenya.
Article in Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Peanut Paste-based Ready-to-use School Meals With and Without Milk on Fluid Cognition in Northern Ghana: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Trial
- Evaluation of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery in Adolescents with HIV Infection in Zimbabwe.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Lower working memory and processing speed among children and youth exposed to HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Adaptation and field testing of an observational assessment tool for autism diagnosis in Western Kenya.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Subclinical Inflammation in Asymptomatic Schoolchildren With Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia Correlates With Impaired Cognition.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Article
- A psychometric evaluation of the NIH Toolbox fluid cognition tests adapted for Swahili and Dholuo languages in Kenyan children and adolescents.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2023Article
- Cognitive performance outcomes: considerations for drug development.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2023Article
- Neurocognition as a biomarker in the rare autonomic disorders of CCHS and ROHHAD.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Review
- The current landscape and future of tablet-based cognitive assessments for children in low-resourced settings.PLOS digital health · 2023Review
- Evaluation of an ultrasensitive HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test for detection of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia among children in western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2022Article
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Funding
Abstract
objectivesPerforming high-quality and reliable cognitive testing requires significant resources and training. As a result, large-scale studies involving cognitive testing are difficult to perform in low- and middle-income settings, limiting access to critical knowledge to improve academic achievement and economic production in these populations. The NIH Toolbox® is a collection of cognitive, motor, sensory, and emotional tests that can be administered and scored using an iPad® tablet, reducing the need for training and quality monitoring; and thus, it is a potential solution to this problem.
methodsWe describe our process for translation and cultural adaptation of the existing NIH Toolbox tests of fluid cognition into the Swahili and Dholuo languages for use in children aged 3-14 years in western Kenya. Through serial forward and back translations, cognitive interviews, group consensus, outside feedback, and support from the NIH Toolbox team, we produced translated tests that have both face validity and linguistic validation.
resultsDuring our cognitive interviews, we found that the five chosen tests (one each of attention, cognitive flexibility, working memory, episodic memory, and processing speed) were generally well understood by children aged 7-14 years in our chosen populations. The cognitive interviews informed alterations in translation as well as slight changes in some images to culturally adapt the tests.
conclusionsThis study describes the process by which we translated five fluid cognition tests from the NIH Toolbox into the Swahili and Dholuo languages. The finished testing application will be available for future studies, including a pilot study for assessment of psychometric properties.
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