ReviewCJC open2021
The State of the Heart Biopsy: A Clinical Review.
Review in CJC open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue Screening and Diagnosis of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis by a Regional Specialist Service.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Treating hearts and minds: adverse cardiovascular effects of psychiatric medications.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Prognosis and Risk Factors of Fulminant Myocarditis Complicated with Malignant Arrhythmia.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- The phenotypic landscape of p.Ala117Ser transthyretin amyloidosis: distinct clinical profiles and outcomes versus wild-type ATTR.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Observational
- Review
- Heart Transplant: A Never-Ending Story.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Electron microscopic findings predict clinical outcomes in patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy.ESC heart failure · 2025Observational
- Diagnostic performance of cardiovascular magnetic resonance parametric mapping as per modified Lake Louise Criteria in acute myocarditis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2025Article
- Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Post-Heart Transplant Patient.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Risk factors and early prediction of cardiorenal syndrome type 3 among acute kidney injury patients: a cohort study.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Vascular fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodelling in post-COVID 19 conditions.Infectious medicine · 2024Review
- Myocarditis in Athletes: Risk Factors and Relationship with Strenuous Exercise.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- A phantom for targeted endomyocardial biopsy training.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2023Article
- Relationship Between Results of Pathological Evaluation of Endomyocardial Biopsy and Echocardiographic Indices in Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.Circulation reports · 2023Article
- Unconventional Approach: Steroid Treatment for Eosinophilic Myocarditis Despite Negative Endomyocardial Biopsy.Cureus · 2023Article
- Differentially hypomethylated cell-free DNA and coronary collateral circulation.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
- Nondestructive protein sampling with electroporation facilitates profiling of spatial differential protein expression in breast tumors in vivo.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Safety evaluation of high-risk myocardial micro-biopsy in a swine model.Heart and vessels · 2022Article
- Designer Functional Nanomedicine for Myocardial Repair by Regulating the Inflammatory Microenvironment.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is an invaluable and underused diagnostic tool for myocardial disease. The primary indications are surveillance of cardiac allograft rejection and the diagnosis of inflammatory and infiltrative cardiomyopathies. EMB is typically performed by sampling the right ventricular septum via the right internal jugular vein using fluoroscopic guidance. The diagnostic yield of EMB is improved by sampling both ventricles and with the use of guidance from imaging or electroanatomic mapping. The risk of major cardiac complications is operator dependent and < 1% in experienced centres. EMB is the gold standard and most common form of cardiac allograft rejection surveillance, whereas advanced cardiac imaging and donor-specific antibody quantification provide complementary information. Gene expression profiling is an alternative surveillance strategy to EMB for low-risk patients. EMB is recommended for myocarditis and can guide therapy for giant-cell myocarditis, necrotizing eosinophilic myocarditis, sarcoidosis, and immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis. There is growing interest in using EMB to guide therapy for viral myocarditis, although the uptake of this approach is limited to specialized centres. EMB has been replaced as a first-line test for infiltrative cardiomyopathy by nonbiopsy diagnostic techniques, but is still useful to clarify the diagnosis or disease subtype. The miniaturization of bioptomes and advances in laboratory techniques such as microarrays promises to improve the safety and yield of EMB. We review the contemporary use of EMB for cardiac allograft rejection, inflammatory cardiomyopathy, and infiltrative cardiomyopathy.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.