ReviewFrontiers in medicine2021
PD-L1 in Cytological Samples: A Review and a Practical Approach.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Program death ligand-1 immunocytochemistry in lung cancer cytological samples: A systematic review.Diagnostic cytopathology · 2022Pooled it
- Deep Learning-Enhanced Biomarker Interpretation on Cytology Cell Blocks: Foundations and Emerging Opportunities in Spatial Pathobiology.The American journal of pathology · 2026Review
- Targeting glucocorticoid receptor to enhance immunotherapy response in triple negative breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Intraperitoneal immune microenvironment and efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer and peritoneal metastasis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Head-to-head comparison of peptide-based and nanobody-based radiotracers in detecting PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- Article
- The rapidly changing field of predictive biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2024Review
- Adequacy Assessment in Lymph Node Aspirates: An Exploratory Cytomorphologic Analysis of Negative Cervical Node Aspirates of Head and Neck Carcinomas.Acta cytologica · 2024Article
- New update to the guidelines on testing predictive biomarkers in non-small-cell lung cancer: a National Consensus of the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Article
- Nationwide differences in cytology fixation and processing methods and their impact on interlaboratory variation in PD-L1 positivity.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Article
- Predicting PD-L1 expression status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer using [EJNMMI research · 2023Article
- [Predictive immunocytochemistry in non-small cell lung carcinoma].Der Pathologe · 2022Review
- Factors Influencing Concordance of PD-L1 Expression between Biopsies and Cytological Specimens in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With a growing number of predictive biomarkers needed to manage patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there has been a paradigm shift in care and handling of diagnostic samples. Among the various testing methods, immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the most cost- effective and widely available. Furthermore, over the past decade immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising cancer treatments. In this scenario IHC is the most used testing method available for PDL-1/PD1 immunotherapy. Several monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathways have been integrated into standard-of-care treatments of a wide range of cancer types, once provided evidence of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Since currently available PD-L1 assays have been developed on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) histological specimens, a growing body of research is being dedicated to confirm the feasibility of applying PDL-1 assays also to cytological samples. Albeit promising results have been reported, several important issues still need to be addressed. Among these are the type of cytological samples, pre-analytical issues, cyto-histological correlation, and inter-observer agreement. This review briefly summarizes the knowledge of the role of cytopathology in the analysis of PD-L1 by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and future directions of cytopathology in the immunotherapy setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.