Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34026396›Full record

ReviewThe mental health clinician2021

Retracing our steps to understand ketamine in depression: A focused review of hypothesized mechanisms of action.

Madison N Irwin, Amy VandenBerg

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The mental health clinician, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Madison N IrwinClinical Pharmacist Specialist in Psychology and Neurology, Department of Pharmacy, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3769-7035
Amy VandenBergClinical Pharmacist Specialist in Psychology and Neurology, Department of Pharmacy, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2294-2694
Michigan Medicine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMDD represents a significant burden worldwide, and while a number of approved treatments exist, there are high rates of treatment resistance and refractoriness. Ketamine, an

methodsA literature search was completed using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results were limited to clinical trials and case studies in humans that were published in English. The findings were used to compile this article.

resultsThe antidepressant effects associated with ketamine are mediated via a complex interplay of mechanisms; key steps include NMDAR blockade on γ-aminobutyric acid interneurons, glutamate surge, and subsequent activation and upregulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor. DISCUSSION: Coadministration of ketamine for MDD with other psychotropic agents, for example benzodiazepines, may attenuate antidepressant effects. Limited evidence exists for these effects and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Indexed as

drug-drug interactionketaminemajor depressive disorderMDDmechanism

Identifiers

PMID34026396
PMCPMC8120982
OpenAlexW3162187348

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.