ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2021
WNT3A-loaded exosomes enable cartilage repair.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of acupuncture on cartilage p38MAPK and mitochondrial pathways in animal model of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- 3D-bioprinting for joint regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Controlled Release of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes from Hydrogels Attenuates Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Exosomal Interventions in Bone and Osteochondral Repair: Mechanisms and Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Characterizing the Long Non-Coding RNA Profile of Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Anti-Inflammatory Role in Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Dual-ligand engineered exosome regulates WNT signaling activation to promote liver repair and regeneration.Nature communications · 2025Article
- 3D-printed advanced scaffold armed with exosomes derived from human skeletal stem cell identified by single-cell RNA sequencing enhances osteochondral regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Ontogenetic stage and type of donor cells shape extracellular vesicles' therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Exosomes of stem cells: a potential frontier in the treatment of osteoarthritis.Precision clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Molecular Determinants of Neutrophil Extracellular Vesicles That Drive Cartilage Regeneration in Inflammatory Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Harnessing exosomes for advanced osteoarthritis therapy.Nanoscale · 2024Review
- Charge-Reversed Exosomes for Targeted Gene Delivery to Cartilage for Osteoarthritis Treatment.Small methods · 2024Article
- Yin-Yang: two sides of extracellular vesicles in inflammatory diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Therapeutics of the future: Navigating the pitfalls of extracellular vesicles research from an osteoarthritis perspective.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Review
- Enhanced chondrogenic potential in GelMA-based 3D cartilage model via Wnt3a surface immobilization.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Micro Trojan horses: Engineering extracellular vesicles crossing biological barriers for drug delivery.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Review
- Articular cartilage repair biomaterials: strategies and applications.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- FoxO1-Overexpressed Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from hPDLSCs Promote Periodontal Tissue Regeneration by Reducing Mitochondrial Dysfunction to Regulate Osteogenesis and Inflammation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- From Bench to Bedside: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cartilage Injury Treatment.Biomaterials research · 2024Review
- Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles: Emerging Nanosystems for Enhanced Tissue Engineering.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cartilage defects repair poorly. Recent genetic studies suggest that WNT3a may contribute to cartilage regeneration, however the dense, avascular cartilage extracellular matrix limits its penetration and signalling to chondrocytes. Extracellular vesicles actively penetrate intact cartilage. This study investigates the effect of delivering WNT3a into large cartilage defects in vivo using exosomes as a delivery vehicle. Exosomes were purified by ultracentrifugation from conditioned medium of either L-cells overexpressing WNT3a or control un-transduced L-cells, and characterized by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and marker profiling. WNT3a loaded on exosomes was quantified by western blotting and functionally characterized in vitro using the SUPER8TOPFlash reporter assay and other established readouts including proliferation and proteoglycan content. In vivo pathway activation was assessed using TCF/Lef:H2B-GFP reporter mice. Wnt3a loaded exosomes were injected into the knees of mice, in which large osteochondral defects were surgically generated. The degree of repair was histologically scored after 8 weeks. WNT3a was successfully loaded on exosomes and resulted in activation of WNT signalling in vitro. In vivo, recombinant WNT3a failed to activate WNT signalling in cartilage, whereas a single administration of WNT3a loaded exosomes activated canonical WNT signalling for at least one week, and eight weeks later, improved the repair of osteochondral defects. WNT3a assembled on exosomes, is efficiently delivered into cartilage and contributes to the healing of osteochondral defects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.