Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34025417›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2021

Ibudilast Attenuates Folic Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Blocking Pyroptosis Through TLR4-Mediated NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways.

Xue Li, Yu Zou, Yuan-Yuan Fu, Jia Xing, Kai-Yue Wang, Peng-Zhi Wan, Mo Wang, Xiao-Yue Zhai

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Article
  9. Programmed cell death in triple-negative breast cancer.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
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  14. The Role of Pyroptosis in the Pathogenesis of Kidney Diseases.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Xue LiDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Yu ZouDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Yuan-Yuan FuDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Jia XingDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Kai-Yue WangDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Peng-Zhi WanDepartment of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Mo WangDepartment of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Xiao-Yue ZhaiDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
China Medical University · CNYale University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Folic acid (FA)-induced renal tubule damage, which is characterized by extensive inflammation, is a common model of acute kidney injury (AKI). Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of cell death due to the activation of inflammatory caspases, is involved in AKI progression. Ibudilast, a TLR4 antagonist, has been used in the clinic to exert an anti-inflammatory effect on asthma. However, researchers have not explored whether ibudilast exerts a protective effect on AKI by inhibiting inflammation. In the present study, ibudilast reversed FA-induced AKI in mice, as indicated by the reduced serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, and improved renal pathology, as well as the downregulation of kidney injury marker-1. In addition, ibudilast significantly increased the production of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 while suppressing the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and macrophage infiltration. Moreover, in the injured kidney, ibudilast reduced the levels of both inflammasome markers (NLRP3) and pyroptosis-related proteins (caspase-1, IL1-β, IL-18, and GSDMD cleavage), and decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Further mechanistic studies showed that ibudilast administration inhibited the FA-induced upregulation of TLR4, blocked NF-κB nuclear translocation, and reduced the phosphorylation of NF-κB and IκBα, p38, ERK, and JNK. Thus, this study substantiates the protective effect of ibudilast on FA-induced AKI in mice and suggests that protection might be achieved by reducing pyroptosis and inflammation, likely through the inhibition of TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Indexed as

folic acid–induced acute kidney injuryibudilastinflammationmitogen-activated protein kinaseNF-κBpyroptosistoll-like receptor 4

Identifiers

PMID34025417
PMCPMC8139578
OpenAlexW3157218912

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.