ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Incident HIV Infection During Pregnancy Predict Preterm Birth Despite Treatment.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of genital and anorectal chlamydia trachomatis in Kenya by risk groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Vulvovaginal yeast infections during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2023Pooled it
- Doxycycline Prophylaxis to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Trial
- Combined effects of bacterial vaginal colonization and HIV on pregnancy outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Research square · 2026Article
- Management and prevention of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in the context of evolving antimicrobial resistance trends.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- Hepatitis C Prevalence and Birth Outcomes among Pregnant Women in the United States: A 2010-2020 Population Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Systemic inflammation, enteropathogenic E. Coli, and micronutrient insufficiencies in the first trimester as possible predictors of preterm birth in rural Bangladesh: a prospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- The effect of antenatal isoniazid preventive therapy on birth outcomes in Western Kenya.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Article
- High incidence of asymptomatic genital tract infections in pregnancy in adolescent girls and young women: need for repeat aetiological screening.Sexually transmitted infections · 2023Article
- Article
- A Call to Standardize the Definition and Method of Assessing Women for Vaginal Discharge Syndrome in Pregnancy.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Roles of the Microbiota of the Female Reproductive Tract in Gynecological and Reproductive Health.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2022Review
- Discrete Plasma Cytokine Profiles Among Pregnant Women in Botswana by Chlamydia trachomatis Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status, and Gestational Age.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Assessment of Seasonality and Extremely Preterm Birth in Denmark.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- The Impact of Syndromic Management of Vaginal Discharge Syndrome on Adverse Birth Outcomes in Botswana.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Breaking Down the Barrier: The Role of Cervical Infection and Inflammation in Preterm Birth.Frontiers in global women's health · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIdentifying predictors of preterm birth (PTB) in high-burden regions is important as PTB is the leading cause of global child mortality.
methodsThis analysis was nested in a longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence in Kenya. HIV-seronegative women enrolled in pregnancy had nucleic acid amplification tests (chlamydia and gonorrhea), rapid plasma reagin (syphilis), wet mount microscopy (Trichomonas and yeast), and Gram stain (bacterial vaginosis); sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment was provided. PTB predictors were determined using log-binomial regression.
resultsAmong 1244 mothers of liveborn infants, median gestational age at enrollment was 26 weeks (IQR, 22-31), and at delivery was 39.1 weeks (IQR, 37.1-40.9). PTB occurred in 302 women (24.3%). Chlamydia was associated with a 1.59-fold (P = .006), gonorrhea a 1.62-fold (P = .04), and incident HIV a 2.08-fold (P = .02) increased PTB prevalence. Vaginal discharge and cervical inflammation were associated with PTB, as were age ≤21 (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.39, P = .001) and any STI (PR = 1.47, P = .001). Associations with chlamydia and incident HIV remained in multivariable models.
conclusionsSTIs and incident HIV in pregnancy predicted PTB despite treatment, suggesting the need for earlier treatment and interventions to decrease genital inflammation.
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