ArticleBMC genomics2021
Genome analysis of Spiroplasma citri strains from different host plants and its leafhopper vectors.
Article in BMC genomics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
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- Transcriptomic analysis of early stages of 'Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- The perception and evolution of flagellin, cold shock protein and elongation factor Tu from vector-borne bacterial plant pathogens.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- Characterization of bacteria expectorated during forced salivation of the Phlebotomus papatasi: A neglected component of sand fly infectious inoculums.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Succeed to culture a novel lineage symbiotic bacterium ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- MinisculeSustainable microbiology · 2024Review
- The toxins of vertically transmittedFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Citrus Stubborn Disease: Current Insights on an Enigmatic Problem Prevailing in Citrus Orchards.Microorganisms · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSpiroplasma citri comprises a bacterial complex that cause diseases in citrus, horseradish, carrot, sesame, and also infects a wide array of ornamental and weed species. S. citri is transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by the beet leafhopper, Neoaliturus tenellus in North America and Circulifer haematoceps in the Mediterranean region. Leafhopper transmission and the pathogen's wide host range serve as drivers of genetic diversity. This diversity was examined in silico by comparing the genome sequences of seven S. citri strains from the United States (BR12, CC-2, C5, C189, LB 319, BLH-13, and BLH-MB) collected from different hosts and times with other publicly available spiroplasmas.
resultsPhylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequences from 39 spiroplasmas obtained from NCBI database showed that S. citri strains, along with S. kunkelii and S. phoeniceum, two other plant pathogenic spiroplasmas, formed a monophyletic group. To refine genetic relationships among S. citri strains, phylogenetic analyses with 863 core orthologous sequences were performed. Strains that clustered together were: CC-2 and C5; C189 and R8-A2; BR12, BLH-MB, BLH-13 and LB 319. Strain GII3-3X remained in a separate branch. Sequence rearrangements were observed among S. citri strains, predominantly in the center of the chromosome. One to nine plasmids were identified in the seven S. citri strains analyzed in this study. Plasmids were most abundant in strains isolated from the beet leafhopper, followed by strains from carrot, Chinese cabbage, horseradish, and citrus, respectively. All these S. citri strains contained one plasmid with high similarity to plasmid pSci6 from S. citri strain GII3-3X which is known to confer insect transmissibility. Additionally, 17 to 25 prophage-like elements were identified in these genomes, which may promote rearrangements and contribute to repetitive regions.
conclusionsThe genome of seven S. citri strains were found to contain a single circularized chromosome, ranging from 1.58 Mbp to 1.74 Mbp and 1597-2232 protein-coding genes. These strains possessed a plasmid similar to pSci6 from the GII3-3X strain associated with leafhopper transmission. Prophage sequences found in the S. citri genomes may contribute to the extension of its host range. These findings increase our understanding of S. citri genetic diversity.
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