Observational studyJournal of diabetes investigation2021
Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on secretions of insulin and glucagon and gastric emptying in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective, observational study.
Observational study in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Pooled it
- Perioperative management of patients taking glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) multidisciplinary consensus statement.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Pooled it
- Guideline
- Free Versus Fixed-Ratio Combination of Basal Insulin and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Indirect Treatment Comparison.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Differential effects of imeglimin and metformin on insulin and incretin secretion-An exploratory randomized controlled trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Change in pharmacodynamic variables following once-weekly tirzepatide treatment versus dulaglutide in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS J-mono substudy).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Trial
- Effects of liraglutide on gastrointestinal functions and weight in obesity: A randomized clinical and pharmacogenomic trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Trial
- Association of fasting plasma glucagon with osteopenia/osteoporosis in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on colonoscopy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Glycemic therapies and the risk of gastrointestinal adverse events in veterans with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Management of Diabetic Kidney Disease With Persistent Hypotension: A Case of Lifestyle-Driven Renal Recovery.Cureus · 2025Article
- Endoscopy and anesthesia outcomes associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use in patients undergoing outpatient upper endoscopy.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Article
- Article
- Evolving incretin-based therapies in Japan: optimizing treatment strategies for diverse clinical and socioeconomical profiles in type 2 diabetes.Diabetology international · 2025Review
- Sequence of Eating at Japanese-Style Set Meals Improves Postprandial Glycemic Elevation in Healthy People.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Role of Point-of-Care Gastric Ultrasound in Advancing Perioperative Fasting Guidelines.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Real-World Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Endoscopic Patient Outcomes in an Ambulatory Setting: A Retrospective Study at a Large Tertiary Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Diabetes and Osteoarthritis: Exploring the Interactions and Therapeutic Implications of Insulin, Metformin, and GLP-1-Based Interventions.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Safe Continuation of Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists at Endoscopy: A Case Series of 57 Adults Undergoing Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty.Obesity surgery · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS/
introductionDifferences in the glucose-lowering mechanisms of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been noted. Clarifying these differences could facilitate the choice of optimal drugs for individuals with type 2 diabetes and requires investigation in a clinical setting. MATERIALS AND
methodsA single-arm, prospective, observational study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various GLP-1RAs on postprandial glucose excursion, secretions of insulin and glucagon as well as on the gastric emptying rate. Participants were subjected to meal tolerance tests before and 2 weeks and 12 weeks after GLP-1RA initiation. Effects on postprandial secretions of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and apolipoprotein B48 were also investigated.
resultsEighteen subjects with type 2 diabetes received one of three GLP-1RAs, i.e., lixisenatide, n = 7; liraglutide, n = 6; or dulaglutide, n = 5. While 12-week administration of all of the GLP-1RAs significantly reduced HbA1c, only lixisenatide and liraglutide, but not dulaglutide, significantly reduced body weight. Postprandial glucose elevation was improved by all of the GLP-1RAs. Postprandial insulin levels were suppressed by lixisenatide, while insulin levels were enhanced by liraglutide. Postprandial glucagon levels were suppressed by lixisenatide. The gastric emptying rate was significantly delayed by lixisenatide, while liraglutide and dulaglutide had limited effects on gastric emptying. GIP secretion was suppressed by lixisenatide and liraglutide. Apolipoprotein B48 secretion was suppressed by all of the GLP-1RAs.
conclusionsAll of the GLP-1RAs were found to improve HbA1c in a 12-week prospective observational study in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, differences in the mechanisms of the glucose-lowering effects and body weight reduction were observed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.