Observational studyInternational archives of occupational and environmental health2021
Nurses' internal contamination by antineoplastic drugs in hospital centers: a cross-sectional descriptive study.
Observational study in International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents on adverse pregnancy outcomes among nurses: A meta-analysis.Nursing open · 2023Pooled it
- Exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs in Occupational Settings: A Systematic Review of Biological Monitoring Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Associations between shift work, sleep quality and menstrual disorders among nurses: a cross-sectional analysis study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Method validation for quantification of five antineoplastic agents in urine using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- The relationship between effort-reward imbalance and presenteeism among nurses: a cross-sectional study from China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Reducing Antineoplastic Drug Surface Contamination in an Outpatient Oncology Clinic: A Quality Improvement Project.Clinical journal of oncology nursing · 2025Article
- The influence of effort-reward imbalance and perceived organizational support on perceived stress in Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Occupational Exposure to Antineoplastic Drugs in Twelve French Health Care Setting: Biological Monitoring and Surface Contamination.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Proposals of guidance values for surface contamination by antineoplastic drugs based on long term monitoring in Czech and Slovak hospitals and pharmacies.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Reporting environmental contamination results to healthcare workers could play a crucial role in decreasing the risk of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study was to assess internal antineoplastic drugs (ADs) contamination in the nursing staff in French hospital centers, using highly sensitive analytical methods.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included nurses practicing in care departments where at least one of the five ADs studied was handled (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, methotrexate). The nurses study participation lasted 24 h including collection of three urine samples and one self-questionnaire. All urine samples were assayed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods with very low value of the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ).
results74 nurses were included, 222 urine samples and 74 self-questionnaires were collected; 1092 urine assays were performed. The percentage of nurses with internal AD contamination was 60.8% and low levels of urinary concentrations were measured. Regarding nurses with internal contamination (n = 45), 42.2% presented internal contamination by methotrexate, 37.8% by cyclophosphamide, 33.3% by ifosfamide, 17.8% by 5-fluorouracil metabolite and 6.7% by doxorubicine. Among the positive assays, 17.9% (n = 26/145) were not explained by exposure data from the self-questionnaire but this could be due to the skin contact of nurses with contaminated work surfaces.
conclusionsThis study reported high percentage of nurses with internal ADs contamination. The low LLOQ values of the used analytical methods, allowed the detection of ADs that would not have been detected with the current published methods: the percentage of contamination would have been 17.6% instead of the 60.8% reported here. Pending toxicological reference values, urine ADs concentrations should be reduced as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.