ArticleEuropean journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie2022
Utilizing the various forms of the gastrocnemius muscle in fix & flap protocol: a reliable remedy for open proximal tibial fractures with accompanying soft tissue defect.
Article in European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reliability of the split tibialis anterior muscle flap for tibial shaft coverage: a cadaveric injection study.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Article
- Early Flap Reconstruction and Infection Rates in Open Lower Extremity Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Simultaneous reconstruction of tibial osteomyelitis-complicated soft tissue defects using free flap transplantation in conjunction with the masquelet technique: a retrospective study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundOpen proximal tibial fractures accompanied by soft tissue loss are substantially challenging to accomplish both bony consolidation and wound healing. The authors retrospectively delineated the utility of the various forms of the gastrocnemius muscle in fix & flap regimen for management of such complicated injuries.
methodsThirty-one patients with open fracture accompanied by soft tissue loss of proximal tibia were managed by the protocol of fix & gastrocnemius flap. The collected data included implant for fixation, form of the gastrocnemius flap, postoperative complications, union time, and clinical assessment.
resultsAccording to fixation devices, lateral anatomical locking compression plates were selected in 28 cases, dual plates in 1, and interlocking nails in 2. According to the forms of the gastrocnemius flap, medial gastrocnemius flap was utilized in 22 cases, medial hemigastrocnemius flap in 2, medial myocutaneous gastrocnemius flap in 2, lateral gastrocnemius flap in 3, and combined medial and lateral gastrocnemius flaps in 2. All flaps completely survived without any flap-related complications. Fracture consolidation was established in all patients with an average period of 19.9 weeks (range 16-26). Surgical site infection occurred in 3 cases, and delayed union in 1. By functional score of Puno, 3 cases were determined to be excellent, 27 to be good, and 1 to be fair.
conclusionConcurrent use of internal fixation and gastrocnemius flap reconstruction is a reliable and efficient protocol in managing open fractures with accompanying soft tissue defect of proximal tibia.
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